Basically Georgia passed the Worcester v. Georgia law that allowed them control over the Native's land so they lived on the land east of the Mississippi. The government wanted that land because they thought that the Native Americans were getting in the way of westward expansion of the United Sates. This got to the Supreme Court where they ruled their decision that Georgia didn't have a right to control territory outside it's state line. Then the government passed the Indian Removal Act which allowed the government to trade the Natives land west of the Mississippi for their land in the east. This forced the Natives to be removed from their land and migrate to the other side of the Mississippi.
Yes, your summary is largely accurate. The case you mentioned, Worcester v. Georgia, did occur in 1832. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that Georgia's laws did not have authority over Cherokee lands and recognized Native American tribes as separate nations. However, President Andrew Jackson famously denounced the decision and refused to enforce it. Subsequently, the Indian Removal Act was passed in 1830, which allowed the federal government to negotiate treaties with Native American tribes to exchange their lands in the East for territory in the West. This led to the forced removal of thousands of Native Americans, primarily from the southeastern United States, in what is known as the Trail of Tears.
The events you described are part of a larger historical context known as the Indian Removal Era in the United States. Here are the key steps that took place:
1. Worcester v. Georgia: In 1832, the Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia determined that the state of Georgia did not have the authority to regulate Native American land or remove them from their territory, as specified in the law passed by Georgia known as the Worcester Act.
2. Native American Land: The Native American tribes, particularly the Cherokee Nation, occupied ancestral lands in the southeast region of the United States, specifically east of the Mississippi River. These lands were desirable to the U.S. government for westward expansion.
3. Westward Expansion: The idea of Manifest Destiny, which emphasized the belief that the United States was destined to expand across the North American continent, led to increasing pressure on Native American lands as settlers moved west. The government viewed Native Americans as an obstacle to this expansion.
4. Passage of the Indian Removal Act: In 1830, the Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson. This act gave the federal government the authority to negotiate treaties with Native American tribes in order to exchange their lands in the east for lands west of the Mississippi River.
5. Indian Removal: Under the Indian Removal Act, negotiations were often conducted under coercive circumstances, and many treaties were made under duress. As a result, tribes were forced to sign agreements ceding their lands. This led to the forced removal of thousands of Native Americans from their ancestral territories.
6. Trail of Tears: The most infamous forced removal was the Trail of Tears, which specifically refers to the forced relocation of the Cherokee Nation from Georgia to the Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma) in 1838-1839. Thousands of Cherokee people died during the journey due to harsh conditions, disease, and mistreatment.
In summary, the government's desire for Native American lands, the Supreme Court's ruling, and the passage of the Indian Removal Act resulted in the forced removal of Native American tribes from their lands and their forced migration to new territories west of the Mississippi River.
It seems like you have a good understanding of the historical events surrounding the Indian Removal Act. However, I can provide some additional information and explain the context in more detail.
In 1832, the case of Worcester v. Georgia reached the Supreme Court of the United States. The case involved Samuel Worcester, a missionary who was arrested for violating Georgia's laws that required all non-Native Americans residing in Cherokee territory to obtain a license. Worcester argued that the state of Georgia did not have the authority to enforce its laws within the Indian nations.
In their ruling, the Supreme Court justices held that Georgia's laws did not apply to the Cherokee Nation, as they were a separate political entity. Chief Justice John Marshall famously stated, "The Cherokee Nation… is a distinct community, occupying its own territory, with boundaries accurately described, and which the United States have acknowledged in a series of treaties."
In essence, the Court recognized the Cherokee Nation's sovereign status and their right to self-governance. This decision implied that the federal government, rather than individual states, had the authority to engage in relations with Native American tribes.
However, President Andrew Jackson famously defied the Supreme Court's ruling and advocated for the removal of Native Americans from their lands. In 1830, he signed the Indian Removal Act into law, which authorized the federal government to negotiate treaties with Native American tribes for their removal from their ancestral lands in the Southeast.
Under the Indian Removal Act, the government coerced or forced Native American tribes, including the Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek), Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw, to sign treaties exchanging their lands east of the Mississippi River for territory in the West, primarily in present-day Oklahoma. This forced relocation is known as the Trail of Tears, a tragic chapter in American history.
So, in summary, the Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia recognized the sovereignty of Native American tribes, but President Andrew Jackson and the federal government disregarded this decision, leading to the passage of the Indian Removal Act and the subsequent forced relocation of many Native American communities to the West.