Proteins are made up of substances called____

a. amino acids.
b. sugars.
c. carbohydrates.
d. starches.

a. amino acids.

Proteins are made up of substances called amino acids.

The correct answer is a. amino acids.

Proteins are large, complex molecules that are responsible for various functions in living organisms. They are made up of smaller units called amino acids, which are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups.

To determine the answer to this question, you can use your knowledge of biology or biochemistry. If you don't know the answer, you can also conduct a quick search online or consult a reliable biology textbook or resource. By understanding the basic composition of proteins, it becomes clear that amino acids are the substances that make up proteins.