Why are lysosomes important to the health of cells?
A. They create cell boundaries and make cells rigid.
B. They move proteins around the cell
C. They allow cell organelles to move freely through the cell as needed
D. They break down worn out cell parts that are no longer needed
D. They break down worn out cell parts that are no longer needed
D. They break down worn out cell parts that are no longer needed
The correct answer is D. Lysosomes break down worn out cell parts that are no longer needed.
Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in animal cells that contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down various substances, including proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids.
The process by which lysosomes break down these materials is called autophagy. It involves engulfing the unwanted or damaged cell components, such as worn-out organelles, misfolded proteins, and even invading bacteria or viruses, and breaking them down into simpler forms that can be recycled or eliminated from the cell.
This recycling process is crucial for cellular health because it allows the cell to get rid of waste materials and maintain a clean and functional internal environment. Failure of lysosomes to perform their function properly can lead to the accumulation of toxic substances and cellular debris, which can contribute to various diseases and conditions, including lysosomal storage disorders.