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In 3–5 sentences, compare the causes and effects of constitutional monarchy in England with the causes and effects of absolute monarchy in Russia.(4 points)

The causes for the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in England were rooted in a power struggle between the monarchy and the Parliament. This conflict culminated in events such as the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution, leading to a shift in power towards the Parliament and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. The effects of this shift were the gradual development of a system of government based on the rule of law and the protection of individual liberties.

On the other hand, the causes for the establishment of absolute monarchy in Russia were driven by a desire for centralized power and control. The ruling dynasty, the Romanovs, sought to consolidate power and curtail the influence of nobles and other competing factions. The effects of absolute monarchy in Russia were the concentration of power in the hands of the tsar, limited political freedoms for the majority of the population, and the perpetuation of autocratic rule.

The causes of constitutional monarchy in England were primarily rooted in the desire to limit the power of the monarchy and establish a system of government where the monarch's authority was checked by a constitution and a parliamentary system. The effects of this system were the gradual erosion of absolute power of the monarch, the establishment of a constitutional framework that protected individual rights, and the development of a stable and relatively democratic political system.

On the other hand, the causes of absolute monarchy in Russia stemmed from a combination of historical factors, including the concentration of power in the hands of the Tsar, the weakness of other political institutions, and the influence of traditional notions of autocratic rule. The effects of absolute monarchy in Russia were the perpetuation of a highly centralized and authoritarian state, limited political freedoms, and social and economic disparities that contributed to increasing tensions and ultimately led to the Russian Revolution of 1917.

To compare the causes and effects of constitutional monarchy in England with absolute monarchy in Russia, you could start by researching and understanding the key factors that led to the establishment of these different forms of governance in each country. For England, you might look at events like the Glorious Revolution of 1688, which led to the adoption of a constitutional monarchy, where the powers of the monarch were limited by a constitution or parliamentary system. In Russia, the establishment of absolute monarchy can be traced back to the reign of Peter the Great, who centralized power in the hands of the Tsar, leading to the autocratic rule that defined Russian monarchy. Consider exploring the consequences of these systems, such as the impact on the authority and influence of the monarch, the distribution of power within the country, and the overall political and social developments that resulted from each form of government.