What does the civil rights act of 1991 address
The Civil Rights Act of 1991 addresses several key aspects related to civil rights and discrimination in the workplace. Some of its main provisions include:
1. Employment Discrimination: The Act strengthens the prohibitions against employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin.
2. Disparate Impact: It clarifies that a plaintiff can establish a claim for employment discrimination through either intentional discrimination (disparate treatment) or by showing that a particular policy or practice has a disparate impact on a protected group.
3. Burden of Proof: The Act also adjusts the burden of proof in discrimination cases, making it easier for plaintiffs to prove their claims. It affirms that once a plaintiff establishes a prima facie case of discrimination, the burden of proof shifts to the employer to provide legitimate, non-discriminatory reasons for their actions.
4. Remedies: It expands the remedies available to victims of discrimination by allowing them to seek compensatory damages (including damages for emotional distress) and a jury trial in cases involving intentional discrimination.
5. Retaliation: The Act specifically prohibits retaliation against individuals who assert their rights under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or participate in discrimination investigations or proceedings.
Overall, the Civil Rights Act of 1991 aims to strengthen protections against discrimination and ensure fair treatment for individuals in the workplace.
The Civil Rights Act of 1991 specifically addresses several aspects related to discrimination and civil rights. Here are the main areas covered by the act:
1. Employment Discrimination: The act amends and expands the prohibition of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in various employment practices. It addresses issues such as hiring, promotions, wages, and benefits.
2. "Disparate Impact" Claims: The act clarifies and reaffirms that individuals can bring claims of employment discrimination based on practices that have a discriminatory impact, even if the employer did not have an intentional discriminatory motive.
3. Retaliation: The act prohibits retaliation against individuals who oppose employment practices that they believe are discriminatory or who participate in discrimination investigations or lawsuits.
4. Damages: The act allows for compensatory and punitive damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination, based on the size of the employer's workforce.
5. Jury Trials: The act ensures that individuals have the right to a jury trial in employment discrimination cases, enabling them to seek appropriate legal remedies.
6. Glass Ceiling Commission: The act establishes the Glass Ceiling Commission to study and report on the presence of barriers to advancement for women and minorities in the workplace.
The Civil Rights Act of 1991 aimed to strengthen existing civil rights laws and provide additional remedies for victims of discrimination in the workplace.
The Civil Rights Act of 1991 addresses various aspects of discrimination and provides remedies for victims of intentional employment discrimination in the United States. It amends the original Civil Rights Act of 1964 and strengthens the protections against discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, and sex, including sexual harassment.
To understand the specific provisions and details of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, you can refer to the actual legislative text. Here's how you can access it:
1. Begin by opening a web browser on your computer or mobile device.
2. In the address bar, type in "Civil Rights Act of 1991," followed by a space.
3. Next, add "text" or "legislation" to the search query to ensure you find the official text of the act.
4. Press Enter or click on the search button to initiate the search.
5. You will be presented with search results that include various sources where you can access the full text of the law.
6. Look for official government websites, such as the Library of Congress or the U.S. Government Publishing Office, which often provide the most accurate and up-to-date versions of the legislation.
7. Click on the relevant link that leads you to the official text of the Civil Rights Act of 1991.
8. Once you have accessed the text, you can read through the sections and provisions to understand the specific issues addressed by the act.
Remember, it's essential to consult the actual legislation to obtain accurate and comprehensive information about the Civil Rights Act of 1991.