Drag each item to indicate whether it is related to Aristotle's or Ptolemy's model of the solar system, or to both. Some items may be used twice.(2 points)
Aristotle's Model Ptolemy's model
geocentric
planets fixed on epicycles
planets fixed on nested spheres
accurately predicted the positions of the planets
Aristotle's Model: accurately predicted the positions of the planets
Ptolemy's model: geocentric, planets fixed on epicycles, planets fixed on nested spheres
Select the correct answer to complete the sentence. Gravitational force is said to be universal because:(1 point)
Responses
it applies mainly to planets and moons.
it applies mainly to planets and moons.
it operates only within our solar system.
it operates only within our solar system.
it operates in one direction.
it operates in one direction.
it applies to all objects.
it applies to all objects.
Why does the speed of a planet decrease as it moves away from the sun?(1 point)
Responses
The sun’s gravitational pull on the sun decreases.
The sun’s gravitational pull on the sun decreases.
The planet’s inertia begins to point backward along its orbit.
The planet’s inertia begins to point backward along its orbit.
The planet’s inertia begins to point inward toward the sun.
The planet’s inertia begins to point inward toward the sun.
The direction of the sun’s pull relative to the planet’s motion changes.
The direction of the sun’s pull relative to the planet’s motion changes.
Which of the eight planets in the solar system has the most elliptical orbit?(1 point)
Responses
Earth
Earth
Mars
Mars
Mercury
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Newton and the Law of Universal Gravitation Quiz
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Question
Which statement about the development of Newton's theory of universal gravitation is correct?(1 point)
Responses
The ideas of scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Robert Hooke contradicted Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
The ideas of scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Robert Hooke contradicted Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
Isaac Newton was the first scientist to propose the idea that gravity increases as distance between objects decreases.
Isaac Newton was the first scientist to propose the idea that gravity increases as distance between objects decreases.
Isaac Newton described the existence of gravitational force mathematically, but he built upon the ideas of other scientists before him.
Isaac Newton described the existence of gravitational force mathematically, but he built upon the ideas of other scientists before him.
Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton worked together to define gravity as a force on Earth.
Isaac Newton described the existence of gravitational force mathematically, but he built upon the ideas of other scientists before him.
Newton and the Law of Universal Gravitation Quiz
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Question
Why was the Copernican model a controversial proposition? Select the three correct answers.(2 points)
Responses
It demoted Earth to just another planet.
It demoted Earth to just another planet.
It contradicted religious doctrine of the time.
It contradicted religious doctrine of the time.
It was a complex model.
It was a complex model.
It contradicted established scientific understanding.
It contradicted established scientific understanding.
It was not supported by observations.
It was not supported by observations.
It was mostly incorrect.