Which of the following statements assesses Bishop Donatus’s reaction when Emperor Constantine recommended forgiveness for the church officials who were not protecting the church’s integrity?
A. Donatus and his followers did not agree with Constantine’s assessment and moved to the northern part of Africa.
B. Donatus and his followers accepted Constantine’s recommendation, revising their beliefs and choosing to work things out with the local church leadership.
C. Donatus convinced Constantine to make Donatus the religious sovereign of the empire in order to punish the previous church leadership.
D. Donatus met with Constantine and asked him to reconsider his decision because Donatus felt that the decision could cause further harm to the church.
D. Constantine claimed that he saw a vision of a cross in the heavens, and the cross was a known symbol of Christianity.
D. Geography influenced the language, politics, and power centers of both the Eastern and Western Church.
C. Constantine thought he saw a cross in the sky the night before a big battle and believed this celestial clue helped him win the battle.
D. Both empires controlled Asia Minor and the Italian Peninsula.
Which of the following statements assesses why Constantine thought that the vision in the sky the night before the Battle of Milvian Bridge was a sign from the Christian God?
A. Constantine claimed that he saw a vision in the heavens because of his role in the Edict of Milan.
B. Constantine claimed that he saw a vision of a Christian symbol in the heavens before the battle because he had just converted to Christianity.
C. Constantine claimed that he saw a vision of the Messiah in the heavens, sent by the Christian God.
D. Constantine claimed that he saw a vision of a cross in the heavens, and the cross was a known symbol of Christianity.
Roman Catholic Church Eastern Orthodox Church
Geographic Location Western Europe Eastern Europe & Near East
Religious Center Rome Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria
Relationship to Politics Papal Supremacy Caesaropapism
Language of Religious Services Latin Greek
Using the information in the table, investigate how geography affected the East-West Schism.
A. The Eastern Church was more influenced by geography than the West because of caesaropapism.
B. Cultural differences such as the language of religious services are the only example of geographic influence.
C. Disputes over political control of the Church played a more important role than geographic differences between the Eastern and Western Churches.
D. Geography influenced the language, politics, and power centers of both the Eastern and Western Church.
Which of the following statements best evaluates why Constantine I converted to Christianity during his fight to gain control of the Roman Empire?
A. Constantine and Licinius, the emperor of the eastern half of the Roman Empire, met and announced a decision to let people publicly believe in Christianity without fear of being persecuted. After that, Constantine thought it was safe to convert.
B. Constantine was already a Christian before he began fighting to gain control of the western portion of the empire and only made it public after the fighting started.
C. Constantine thought he saw a cross in the sky the night before a big battle and believed this celestial clue helped him win the battle.
D. Constantine never became a Christian; he died a pagan.
Use the maps to answer the question.
A map of the Mediterranean Sea region shows the boundaries of the Roman Empire prior to and during Trajan’s rule. A Key shows three patterned squares. The first is labeled Roman Empire prior to Trajan. This area is labeled with the following territories circling the Mediterranean Sea: Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands, Aquitania, Belgica, Italy with the city of Rome, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Macedonia along the Aegean Sea, and Crete. The Rhine River and Danube River border these territories from the Atlantic Ocean to the Black Sea. The territories prior to Trajan continue across the Bosporus to Asia Minor, Cypress, Syria, Egypt, which extends down a portion of the Nile River, Cyrene, and end along the northern coast of Africa. The second patterned area is labeled Roman Empire during Trajan’s rule. These territories are more scattered and include Britannia, Dacia, a region above the Danube River above Macedonia, Thrace, a region bordering the Bosporus including Constantinople, Cappadocia, Armenia up to the Caspian Sea, Assyria, and Mesopotamia with the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, Arabia north of the Red Sea, and Mauretania at the mouth of the Mediterranean Sea. The third patterned square on the Key is labeled Non-Roman territory and includes the area above Britannia, the entire northern regions, Parthia and lands eastward, and Africa below the northern coast. A scale shows 400 miles and 400 kilometers.
A map shows the Mediterranean Sea region and surrounding territories. The boundaries during the Justinian I era are highlighted. A Key shows a patterned square indicating the Justinian I era, year 565 common era. The corresponding territories on the map circle the Mediterranean Sea and include the following: the southeast corner of the Iberian Peninsula with a very small area at the tip of Mauretania across the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea; Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Italy with the city of Rome, Sicily, Macedonia, Thrace, the Bosporus and the city of Constantinople, Asia Minor, Cappadocia, two very small areas along the northern coast of the Black Sea, Armenia, Assyria, Mesopotamia, Syria, Arabia, Egypt, Cyrene and the remaining northern coast of Africa, ending at Mauretania. Surrounding non-patterned labeled lands include Britannia, the rest of the Iberian Peninsula, Aquitania, Belgica, Dacia, Sasanian Empire in the east, Africa below the coast, and Mauretania. Also labeled are the Atlantic Ocean, Aegean Sea, Caspian Sea, Red Sea, Rhine River, Danube River, Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, and Nile River. A scale shows 400 miles and 400 kilometers.
Compare the maps of the Byzantine Empire under the rule of Justinian I and the Roman Empire under the rule of Trajan. Which statement best identifies a similarity between the territories controlled?
A. Both empires controlled Mesopotamia and the Italian Peninsula.
B. Neither empire controlled the entire Iberian Peninsula.
C. Neither empire controlled the entire Mediterranean coastline.
D. Both empires controlled Asia Minor and the Italian Peninsula.
To determine which statement accurately assesses Bishop Donatus's reaction when Emperor Constantine recommended forgiveness for the church officials who were not protecting the church's integrity, we need to analyze each statement and eliminate the incorrect options.
A. Donatus and his followers did not agree with Constantine’s assessment and moved to the northern part of Africa.
To verify this statement, we would need historical evidence or documentation supporting the fact that Donatus and his followers disagreed with Constantine and relocated to northern Africa. However, this information is not provided in the question, and there is no historical context given that would suggest this as a feasible response. Therefore, we can eliminate this option as it lacks evidence.
B. Donatus and his followers accepted Constantine’s recommendation, revising their beliefs and choosing to work things out with the local church leadership.
Similar to option A, there is no indication in the question that Donatus and his followers accepted Constantine's recommendation and revised their beliefs. Moreover, the statement contradicts the fact that Donatus's followers became known as the Donatists, who broke away from the Catholic Church and believed in the purity of the church's sacraments. This option is incorrect.
C. Donatus convinced Constantine to make Donatus the religious sovereign of the empire in order to punish the previous church leadership.
This statement suggests that Donatus convinced Constantine to make him the religious sovereign, indicating a power grab and a motivation to punish the previous church leadership. However, there is no mention of such a scenario in the question, and this option includes assumptions that are unlikely to be accurate. Thus, we can eliminate this option.
D. Donatus met with Constantine and asked him to reconsider his decision because Donatus felt that the decision could cause further harm to the church.
This statement suggests that Donatus met with Constantine to discuss the potential harm that could be caused by the decision and asked him to reconsider. This option aligns with historical accounts of Donatus's resistance to the relaxation of church discipline, emphasizing the importance of the church's purity. Therefore, option D is the most accurate assessment of Bishop Donatus's reaction based on the information provided in the question.
In conclusion, the correct statement that assesses Bishop Donatus's reaction when Emperor Constantine recommended forgiveness for the church officials who were not protecting the church's integrity is D. Donatus met with Constantine and asked him to reconsider his decision because Donatus felt that the decision could cause further harm to the church.