The relative pronoun that is used with an essential clause, and the relative pronoun which is used with a nonessential clause. In 3–5 sentences, explain when to use each pronoun and the difference between the two types of relative clauses.
The relative pronoun "that" is used with essential clauses, also known as restrictive clauses, which are necessary for the sentence's meaning to be complete. These clauses provide essential information that cannot be omitted without changing the sense of the sentence. For example, "The book that I bought yesterday is excellent." Here, the clause "that I bought yesterday" is necessary to identify which book is being referred to.
On the other hand, the relative pronoun "which" is used with nonessential clauses, also known as non-restrictive clauses, which provide additional information but do not change the sentence's core meaning if omitted. These clauses are often set off with commas. For example, "The book, which was recommended by my friend, is excellent." In this case, "which was recommended by my friend" provides extra information about the book, but it can be removed without affecting the main point of the sentence.
The key difference between essential and nonessential clauses is that essential clauses are crucial to the sentence's meaning and cannot be omitted, while nonessential clauses provide additional detail but are not necessary for the sentence's core meaning.
Use the paragraph to complete the activity.
This summer, a popular sandwich shop called Mark’s Deli will be opening downtown. The deli will offer free tastings of their most popular sandwiches on Friday, May 10, Saturday, May 11, and Sunday, May 12. The samples will include mouth-watering bites of the Veggie Deluxe, a wrap with roasted vegetables and hummus, the Italian Combo, a selection of Italian meats and cheeses on a roll, and the famous B.L.T., made with bacon, lettuce, and tomato on toasted rye bread. Mark’s Deli already has several other locations including Boston, Massachusetts, Brooklyn, New York, and Portland, Maine.
Rewrite the paragraph, replacing commas with semicolons where they are needed.
This summer; a popular sandwich shop called Mark’s Deli will be opening downtown. The deli will offer free tastings of their most popular sandwiches on Friday, May 10; Saturday, May 11; and Sunday, May 12. The samples will include mouth-watering bites of the Veggie Deluxe, a wrap with roasted vegetables and hummus; the Italian Combo, a selection of Italian meats and cheeses on a roll; and the famous B.L.T., made with bacon, lettuce, and tomato on toasted rye bread. Mark’s Deli already has several other locations including Boston, Massachusetts; Brooklyn, New York; and Portland, Maine.
Use the sentence to answer the question.
Millie might not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two year old daughter for the night.
Which version of the sentence corrects the error in the compound adjective?
(1 point)
Responses
Millie might not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two-year-old daughter for the night.
Millie might not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two-year-old daughter for the night.
Millie might not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two year old-daughter for the night.
Millie might not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two year old-daughter for the night.
Millie might-not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two year old daughter for the night.
Millie might-not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two year old daughter for the night.
Millie might not be able to attend the play to-night because she still has to find someone to watch her two year old daughter for the night.
The correct version of the sentence that corrects the error in the compound adjective is:
Millie might not be able to attend the play tonight because she still has to find someone to watch her two-year-old daughter for the night.
-28 x -19
-28 x -19 equals 532.
How does opportunity cost affect people's wants and needs?
(1 point)
Responses
It changes the supply and demand of goods.
It changes the supply and demand of goods.
It requires them to make a choice.
It requires them to make a choice.
It requires them to be producers and consumers.
It requires them to be producers and consumers.
Opportunity cost does not impact wants and needs.
The correct response is:
It requires them to make a choice.
When supply decreases and demand increases, what happens to the price of a good?
(1 point)
Responses
it increases
it increases
it stays the same
it stays the same
it decreases
it decreases
it is unaffected
The correct response is:
it increases
Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.(1 point)
Increased competition between producers of a good may lead to
Choose
a decrease in profit, an increase in price, a drop in demand, or a rise in taxes.
Increased competition between producers of a good may lead to an increase in price.
Which type of economic system has the highest level of government control?
(1 point)
Responses
traditional economy
traditional economy
market economy
market economy
command economy
command economy
mixed economy
The type of economic system that has the highest level of government control is:
command economy.
Which of the following is a feature of a good budget?
(1 point)
Responses
money reserved for saving
money reserved for saving
income that is less than its expenses
income that is less than its expenses
high use of credit
high use of credit
economic incentives
A feature of a good budget is:
money reserved for saving.
Which describes an underground layer of porous and permeable rock that holds water?(1 point)
Responses
subsidence
subsidence
deposit
deposit
reservoir
reservoir
aquifer
An underground layer of porous and permeable rock that holds water is called an aquifer.
Which can be excluded from the list of underground materials that holds water in the Ogallala aquifer?(1 point)
Responses
silt
silt
gravel
gravel
sand
sand
mineral
mineral
A mineral can be excluded from the list of underground materials that hold water in the Ogallala aquifer.
Which describes the sinking of the surface when large amounts of water leaves the aquifer?(1 point)
Responses
drought
drought
mining
mining
subsidence
subsidence
precipitation
The sinking of the surface when large amounts of water leave the aquifer is called subsidence.
Which becomes a problem when mining groundwater continues?(1 point)
Responses
It removes water more quickly than it can be replaced.
It removes water more quickly than it can be replaced.
It becomes too expensive to maintain the aquifer.
It becomes too expensive to maintain the aquifer.
It adds pollution to wells.
It adds pollution to wells.
It causes porous rock to suddenly harden.
When mining groundwater continues, a problem that can arise is that it removes water more quickly than it can be replaced.
What might happen if there is excessive water removal from the Central Valley Aquifer in California?(1 point)
Responses
It could force tectonic plates to move, resulting in volcanoes.
It could force tectonic plates to move, resulting in volcanoes.
It can transform California completely to a desert.
It can transform California completely to a desert.
It could cause faults to be less stable, resulting in earthquakes.
It could cause faults to be less stable, resulting in earthquakes.
It can cause severe weather changes in California.
If there is excessive water removal from the Central Valley Aquifer in California, it could cause faults to be less stable, resulting in earthquakes.
Which of the following describes context clues?(1 point)
Responses
the facts and information that support an idea or analysis
the facts and information that support an idea or analysis
hints that point to the meaning of a word
hints that point to the meaning of a word
a statement about what the reader thinks will happen in a text
a statement about what the reader thinks will happen in a text
a conclusion about ideas that is not stated directly in a text
a conclusion about ideas that is not stated directly in a text
Context clues refer to hints that point to the meaning of a word.
Use the sentence to answer the question.
Benjamin made an awful face when he sniffed the milk in the jug. “This is definitely expired!” he exclaimed.
Which of the following describes the meaning of expired as it is used in this sentence?
(1 point)
Responses
past the date of being safe to drink
past the date of being safe to drink
difficult to replace
difficult to replace
of a high quality
of a high quality
costing a lot of money
The meaning of "expired" as it is used in this sentence is "past the date of being safe to drink."
Use the excerpt to answer the question.
Opals come in a variety of colors, and they range from opaque to transparent. The most desirable opals are known as the precious opals. They have a special iridescent quality. As you move the opal under light, it shows a spectrum of colors.
Which words provide the best context clues for the meaning of iridescent?
(1 point)
Responses
"variety, light, spectrum of colors"
"variety, light, spectrum of colors"
"opaque, quality, desirable"
"opaque, quality, desirable"
"opals, special, precious"
"opals, special, precious"
"transparent, variety, opals"
The words "variety, light, spectrum of colors" provide the best context clues for the meaning of iridescent.
Use the sentence to answer the question.
My brothers and I had not eaten since breakfast, almost five hours ago, and were famished by the time we arrived at the restaurant.
Which phrase in this sentence provides the best clue to the meaning of famished as it is used in this sentence?
(1 point)
Responses
arrived at the restaurant
arrived at the restaurant
by the time
by the time
My brothers and I
My brothers and I
had not eaten since breakfast
had not eaten since breakfast
The phrase "had not eaten since breakfast" provides the best clue to the meaning of famished as it is used in this sentence.
Use the sentence to answer the question.
They'd also been talking about the injustices they experienced daily, like not being able to eat at a lunch counter.
Which part of the sentence best points to the correct definition of injustices in the sentence?
(1 point)
Responses
"they'd also been talking"
"they'd also been talking"
"they experienced daily"
"they experienced daily"
"eat at a lunch counter"
"eat at a lunch counter"
"like not being able to eat at a lunch counter"
The phrase "like not being able to eat at a lunch counter" best points to the correct definition of injustices in the sentence.
Multiply 49 by −3. Write the answer as a mixed number in simplest form.(1 point)
49 multiplied by -3 equals -147. In mixed number form, this can be written as -147.
Multiply 4/9 by −3. Write the answer as a mixed number in simplest form.(1 point)
To multiply 4/9 by -3, we can multiply the numerators and denominators separately:
(4 * -3) / (9 * 1).
This simplifies to -12/9.
To convert it to a mixed number in simplest form, we divide the numerator by the denominator:
-12 ÷ 9 = -1 remainder -3.
Therefore, the answer as a mixed number in simplest form is -1 and 3/9, which can be further simplified to -1 and 1/3.
Multiply 2/3 by 1 1/4. Write the answer in simplest form.(1 point)
To multiply 2/3 by 1 1/4, we first need to convert the mixed number 1 1/4 into an improper fraction.
1 1/4 can be written as (4 * 1 + 1) / 4 = 5/4.
Now, we can multiply the fractions:
(2/3) * (5/4) = (2 * 5) / (3 * 4) = 10/12.
To simplify this fraction, we can reduce it by dividing both the numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor, which in this case is 2:
(10/2) / (12/2) = 5/6.
Therefore, the answer, in simplest form, is 5/6.
Use properties of operations and rules for multiplying signed numbers to multiply −25 by 310. Write the answer in simplest form.(1 point)
Responses
−325
negative Start Fraction 3 over 25 End Fraction
−650
negative Start Fraction 6 over 50 End Fraction
−65
negative Start Fraction 6 over 5 End Fraction
35
To multiply -25 by 310, we simply multiply the two numbers together:
-25 * 310 = -7750.
Therefore, the answer is -7750.
Use properties of operations and rules for multiplying signed numbers to multiply −2/5 by 3/10. Write the answer in simplest form.(1 point)
Responses
−3/25
negative Start Fraction 3 over 25 End Fraction
−6/50
negative Start Fraction 6 over 50 End Fraction
−6/5
negative Start Fraction 6 over 5 End Fraction
3/5
To multiply -2/5 by 3/10, we multiply the numerators and denominators:
(-2 * 3) / (5 * 10) = -6/50.
To simplify this fraction, we can divide both the numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 2:
(-6/2) / (50/2) = -3/25.
Therefore, the answer, in simplest form, is -3/25.
Multiply 4 by −5/8. Write the answer as a mixed number in simplest form.(1 point)
Responses
−2 4/8
negative 2 Start Fraction 4 over 8 End Fraction
−2 1/2
negative 2 Start Fraction 1 over 2 End Fraction
−5/2
negative Start Fraction 5 over 2 End Fraction
−10
To multiply 4 by -5/8, we multiply the whole number (4) by the numerator (-5) and keep the denominator (8) the same:
4 * (-5) / 8 = -20 / 8.
To simplify this fraction, we can divide both the numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 4:
(-20/4) / (8/4) = -5/2.
Therefore the answer, in simplest form, is -2 1/2.
Multiply 6.5 by 0.3. Write the answer as a decimal.(1 point)
Responses
1.86
1.86
1.95
1.95
19.5
19.5
0.195
To multiply 6.5 by 0.3, we simply multiply the two numbers:
6.5 * 0.3 = 1.95.
Therefore, the answer is 1.95.
Multiply −19.3 by 6.(1 point)
Responses
−25.3
negative 25.3
−114.8
negative 114.8
115.8
115.8
−115.8
To multiply -19.3 by 6, we simply multiply the two numbers:
-19.3 * 6 = -115.8.
Therefore, the answer is -115.8.
Multiply −2 1/2 by −1 3/5. Write the answer as a decimal.(1 point)
Responses
−4
negative 4
4
4
2.86
2.86
−4.1
To multiply -2 1/2 by -1 3/5, we first need to convert the mixed numbers into improper fractions:
-2 1/2 = (-2 * 2 + 1) / 2 = -5/2.
-1 3/5 = (-1 * 5 + 3) / 5 = -8/5.
Now, we can multiply the fractions:
(-5/2) * (-8/5) = (5 * 8) / (2 * 5) = 40/10 = 4.
Therefore, the answer as a decimal is 4.
In your journal, you explained the Associative and Commutative Properties of Multiplication to a friend. You told them that they would get the same answer every time they multiplied the numbers in the problem.
Imagine that your neighbor is scrolling through social media. Your cousin is considering making an in-app purchase. Your neighbor shows you advertisements for products that make bold claims:
“Get rich quick! Do you want to work fewer hours for the same amount of money per hour, and get even richer? Click here to see how you can relax and earn. You’ll work 10 fewer hours at the same wage, and you’ll still make more money!”
“Get hydrated now! Do you hate drinking water? Click here to see how drinking less water is actually the secret to having more water in your body. It’s the study the government doesn’t want you to see!”
Select one of the advertisements and advise your cousin:
Represent the advertisement’s claim with a sample mathematical statement.
Using the Associative and Commutative Properties of Multiplication, evaluate whether the claim is reasonable.
Explain your reasoning in your post.
Advertisement: "Get rich quick! Do you want to work fewer hours for the same amount of money per hour, and get even richer? Click here to see how you can relax and earn. You’ll work 10 fewer hours at the same wage, and you’ll still make more money!"
Mathematical statement: Let's assume the cousin earns $10 per hour and normally works 40 hours a week. The claim suggests that by working