What are two functions of proteins
1) Enzymes: Proteins act as biological catalysts, known as enzymes, which function to speed up chemical reactions in the body. These enzymes are involved in various metabolic processes such as digestion, energy production, and DNA replication. They help in breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones or building complex molecules from simpler ones.
2) Structural support: Proteins also play a crucial role in providing structural support to cells and tissues. The protein collagen, for example, forms the main component of connective tissues such as skin, bones, and tendons, providing strength and elasticity. Similarly, proteins like actin and myosin are responsible for the contraction and movement of muscles. Proteins also form part of the cytoskeleton, a network of fibers that helps maintain cell shape and provides mechanical support.
Proteins perform a wide range of essential functions in the human body. Here are two main functions of proteins:
1. Structural Function: Many proteins have a structural role, providing support and strength to various tissues and organs. For example, collagen is a protein found in our skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments, which gives them strength and flexibility. Additionally, proteins such as actin and myosin are crucial for muscle contraction, allowing movement and maintaining the body's structure.
2. Functional Enzymes: Proteins can also act as enzymes, which are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. Enzymes are involved in numerous physiological processes, such as digestion, metabolism, and DNA replication. For instance, the enzyme amylase helps in breaking down starches into sugars during digestion, while DNA polymerase is responsible for replicating DNA during cell division.