What does temperature measure?
A. the average kinetic energy of the particles
B. the empty space between the particles
C. the total energy of the particles
D. the heat of the particles
A. the average kinetic energy of the particles
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Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the particles.
The correct answer is A. the average kinetic energy of the particles.
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The higher the temperature, the faster the particles are moving, and therefore, the greater their average kinetic energy. Conversely, lower temperatures indicate slower particle movement and lower average kinetic energy.
To determine the answer to this question, one can resort to their understanding of the concept of temperature. Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is, and it is related to the movement of particles at the microscopic level. When particles have more kinetic energy, they move faster and collide more frequently, leading to an increase in temperature. Therefore, choice A, which states that temperature measures the average kinetic energy of the particles, aligns with this understanding.