Fill in the blanks
The two main parts of the human circulatory system are the _____________________ circulation and the _____________________ circulation.
The circulation of the blood is a round trip or a one-way system. (Circle either round trip or one-way.)
The lymphatic system of the body is a round trip or a one-way system. (Circle either round trip or one-way.)
The three functions of the lymphatic system are:
a. ___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
c. ____________________________________
5. Body fluid found between cells of the body is called ______________ fluid.
6. Body fluid found within vessels of the body is called ______________ fluid.
7. Where does interstitial fluid drain back into the intravascular fluid? ________________________________
8. Where does the thoracic duct drain? ____________________________
9. Where does the right lymphatic duct drain? ________________________
10. What is the name of the specialized lymphatic capillaries found in the vili of the small intestine? ____________________________________
11. What is the speciality of these particular lymphatic capillaries? _________________________________________
12. What is the name of the fluid these specialized lymphatic capillaries carry? ________________________________
13. The two primary lymphatic organs are _______________________ and ______________________.
14. The three secondary lymphatic organs are __________________________, _____________________. And _____________________________________.
15. What are the “wastewater treatment plants” of the body?
16. The largest lymphatic organ of the body is the __________________.
Homework B – Immune System – Reading Assignment and Short Answer Questions – Dr. Sue Makin
Reading Assignment – “Understanding the Immune System – How It Works” NIH Publication No. 03-5423, September 2003 – pages 1 – 18
Answer the following questions:
What is the key to a healthy immune system? ________________________________________________
Anything that can trigger an immune response is called an ________________.
What do lymphatic vessels carry? ____________________
Where do all immune cells come from? ____________________
How do B cells chiefly work? _____________________________
True or False (circle the correct response) Each B cell is programmed to make one specific antibody.
What cell in the body is essentially a factory for producing antibody? ______________________
List two major ways that T cells contribute to immune defenses. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What do we call large white cells that can swallow and digest microbes and other foreign particles? _____________________
What do we call phagocytes that circulate in the blood? _________________________
What do we call monocytes after they leave the blood and migrate into tissues? ________________________________
What type of granulocyte uses its prepackaged chemical to break down the microbes it ingests? ___________________
What are the two granulocytes that can “degranulate” and spray their chemicals into harmful cells or microbes nearby? _______________________________________
What is the name of the system that is made up of about 25 proteins in the blood that work together to “complement” the action of antibodies in destroying bacteria? ________________________________
The two main parts of the human circulatory system are the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation.
The circulation of the blood is a round trip system.
The lymphatic system of the body is a one-way system.
The three functions of the lymphatic system are:
a. Drain excess interstitial fluid
b. Transport dietary fats
c. Protect against pathogens and foreign substances
5. Body fluid found between cells of the body is called interstitial fluid.
6. Body fluid found within vessels of the body is called intravascular fluid.
7. Interstitial fluid drains back into the intravascular fluid through lymphatic vessels.
8. The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein.
9. The right lymphatic duct drains into the right subclavian vein.
10. The name of the specialized lymphatic capillaries found in the vili of the small intestine is lacteals.
11. The specialty of these particular lymphatic capillaries is that they transport dietary fats.
12. The fluid these specialized lymphatic capillaries carry is called chyle.
13. The two primary lymphatic organs are the thymus and bone marrow.
14. The three secondary lymphatic organs are lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils.
15. The "wastewater treatment plants" of the body are the lymph nodes.
16. The largest lymphatic organ of the body is the spleen.
What is the key to a healthy immune system? The key to a healthy immune system is balance.
Anything that can trigger an immune response is called an antigen.
What do lymphatic vessels carry? Lymphatic vessels carry lymph fluid.
Where do all immune cells come from? All immune cells come from stem cells in the bone marrow.
How do B cells chiefly work? B cells chiefly work by producing antibodies that recognize and neutralize pathogens.
True or False: Each B cell is programmed to make one specific antibody. True.
What cell in the body is essentially a factory for producing antibody? Plasma cells are essentially factories for producing antibodies.
List two major ways that T cells contribute to immune defenses:
a. Helper T cells help activate and coordinate the immune response.
b. Cytotoxic T cells directly kill infected cells.
What do we call large white cells that can swallow and digest microbes and other foreign particles? We call them phagocytes.
What do we call phagocytes that circulate in the blood? Phagocytes that circulate in the blood are called monocytes.
What do we call monocytes after they leave the blood and migrate into tissues? Monocytes that migrate into tissues are called macrophages.
What type of granulocyte uses its prepackaged chemical to break down the microbes it ingests? Neutrophils use their prepackaged chemicals to break down microbes.
What are the two granulocytes that can "degranulate" and spray their chemicals into harmful cells or microbes nearby? The two granulocytes that can degranulate are eosinophils and basophils.
What is the name of the system that is made up of about 25 proteins in the blood that work together to "complement" the action of antibodies in destroying bacteria? The system is called the complement system.
1. The two main parts of the human circulatory system are the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation.
2. The circulation of the blood is a one-way system.
3. The lymphatic system of the body is a one-way system.
4. a. Drain excess fluid from tissues and return it to the bloodstream.
b. Absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system and transport them to the bloodstream.
c. Help defend against infections by producing and circulating lymphocytes and antibodies.
5. Body fluid found between cells of the body is called interstitial fluid.
6. Body fluid found within vessels of the body is called intravascular fluid.
7. Interstitial fluid drains back into the intravascular fluid through lymphatic vessels.
8. The thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein.
9. The right lymphatic duct drains into the right subclavian vein.
10. The specialized lymphatic capillaries found in the vili of the small intestine are called lacteals.
11. The specialty of these particular lymphatic capillaries is that they are responsible for absorbing dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins.
12. The fluid these specialized lymphatic capillaries carry is called chyle.
13. The two primary lymphatic organs are the thymus and the bone marrow.
14. The three secondary lymphatic organs are lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils.
15. The "wastewater treatment plants" of the body are lymph nodes.
16. The largest lymphatic organ of the body is the spleen.
Homework B – Immune System – Reading Assignment and Short Answer Questions – Dr. Sue Makin
1. The key to a healthy immune system is balance and coordination.
2. Anything that can trigger an immune response is called an antigen.
3. Lymphatic vessels carry lymph fluid.
4. All immune cells come from stem cells in the bone marrow.
5. B cells chiefly work by producing antibodies.
6. False. Each B cell is programmed to make many different antibodies.
7. Plasma cells are essentially factories for producing antibodies.
8. Two major ways that T cells contribute to immune defenses are by directly killing infected cells or by activating other immune cells.
9. Large white cells that can swallow and digest microbes and other foreign particles are called phagocytes.
10. Phagocytes that circulate in the blood are called monocytes.
11. Monocytes are called macrophages after they leave the blood and migrate into tissues.
12. Neutrophils use their prepackaged chemicals to break down the microbes they ingest.
13. The two granulocytes that can "degranulate" and spray their chemicals into harmful cells or microbes nearby are eosinophils and basophils.
14. The system made up of about 25 proteins in the blood that work together to "complement" the action of antibodies in destroying bacteria is called the complement system.