what is the function of core enzyme in rna polymerase
The core enzyme in RNA polymerase is responsible for catalyzing the process of transcription, which is the synthesis of RNA molecules from DNA templates. The core enzyme consists of several subunits and is responsible for the elongation of the RNA molecule by adding new nucleotides in a specific sequence based on the DNA template. It also helps to unwind the DNA double helix and maintain the correct positioning of the growing RNA molecule during transcription. Additionally, the core enzyme plays a role in proofreading and correcting errors that may occur during transcription, ensuring the accuracy of the resulting RNA molecule.
The core enzyme is an essential component of RNA polymerase, which is an enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template in the process of transcription. The core enzyme consists of multiple subunits and has several important functions, including:
1. DNA Binding: The core enzyme binds to the promoter region of the DNA molecule, which contains the sequence necessary to initiate transcription.
2. Unwinding DNA: After binding to the promoter, the core enzyme helps unwind the DNA double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between the DNA strands in the region where transcription is occurring.
3. RNA Synthesis: Once the DNA is unwound, the core enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of RNA using the DNA template. It incorporates complementary ribonucleotides according to the base pairing rules (A-U, G-C) to form an RNA molecule.
4. Proofreading: The core enzyme also possesses proofreading ability to correct errors during RNA synthesis. If an incorrect ribonucleotide is incorporated, the core enzyme can remove it and replace it with the correct one.
In summary, the core enzyme of RNA polymerase plays a crucial role in DNA binding, unwinding the DNA double helix, synthesizing RNA, and proofreading for accuracy during transcription.