A marriage is a putative marriage when:

a) one party is already married and the other party is aware of this when they marry
b) a voidable marriage is declared to be putative by the court
c) at least one party is unaware of a legal impediment that makes the marriage voidable
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

d) all of the above

d) all of the above

A putative marriage is one in which one or both parties believe in good faith that the marriage is valid, but due to some legal impediment, the marriage is considered voidable or invalid. This can occur when one party is already married and the other party is aware of it, when a voidable marriage is declared putative by the court, or when at least one party is unaware of a legal impediment that makes the marriage voidable. Therefore, the correct answer is option d) all of the above.