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In four sentences, what is the process of natural selection and how does it work?

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Natural selection is the process in which certain traits that are advantageous for an organism's survival and reproduction become more common in a population over time. This occurs because individuals with these traits are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to their offspring, while individuals without these traits are less likely to survive and reproduce. The process of natural selection works through the interaction between genetic variation, environmental pressures, and reproductive success. Over time, natural selection can lead to evolutionary changes and the development of new species.

In 4 sentences, can you describe why green feathers would be considered an advantageous variation in this environment?

If the environment in question has a lot of green foliage, then green feathers would help the bird blend in and avoid predators. This would increase the bird's chances of survival and reproduction. Birds with green feathers might also be more attractive to potential mates, which would increase their reproductive success. Overall, having green feathers in this environment is advantageous because it provides a better chance of survival and passing on one's genes to future generations.

What fur color would you expect to see more if climate change has caused a SHORTER winter season and a longer summer? Why?

If climate change has caused a shorter winter season and a longer summer, then it is expected that the number of animals with lighter fur would increase because they provide better camouflage in warmer and brighter conditions. Animals with darker fur would be at a disadvantage because their dark color absorbs more heat, which can cause them to overheat in extended summer conditions. Additionally, lighter-colored fur provides better camouflage in snowless environments, which can become more common if winters shorten. Therefore, we could expect to see more animals with lighter fur in response to this change in the climate.

Explain why there is such a wide variation for the trait of skin tone in humans in two to three sentences.

Natural selection is the process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to the next generation. Its mechanism of action can be explained in four steps: 1) Variation exists within a population, giving rise to individuals with different traits. 2) Some traits offer advantages in a given environment, increasing an organism's chances of survival and reproduction. 3) Those individuals possessing advantageous traits are more likely to pass them on to their offspring. 4) Over time, these beneficial traits become more widespread in the population, as individuals without the advantageous traits are less successful in reproducing.