An illustration shows two irregularly shaped objects side by side. Each is separated into six layers. The descriptions of the layers from top to bottom are as follows. The first layer is labeled 300 mya. The second layer is labeled 250 mya. The third layer is labeled 100 mya. The fourth layer is not labeled. The fifth layer is labeled 50 mya. The sixth layer is labeled 10 mya. The left object is captioned South America. In this object, four out of the six layers have illustrations inside. The first layer shows some leaves and is labeled tree ferns. The second layer shows a skull with an elongated snout. This is labeled Mesosaurus. The third layer shows a larger skull with a short snout and large teeth. This is labeled T. rex. The fourth and fifth layers are empty. The sixth layer has a skull that is smaller than the others and has no snout. This is labeled human. The right object is captioned Africa. In this object, five out of the six layers have illustrations inside. The first layer shows some leaves and is labeled tree ferns. The second layer shows a skull with an elongated snout. This is labeled Mesosaurus. The third layer shows a larger skull with a short snout. This is labeled Allosaurus. The fourth layer shows a skull with a short, thin snout. This is labeled horse. The fifth layer is empty. The sixth layer has a skull that is smaller than the others and has no snout. This is labeled human.
Which statement makes a correct observation of the image above?
Responses
No fossils of organisms were from before 250 million years ago. The Mesosaurus fossil from 250 million years ago was found in both Africa and South America.
Humans are the only organisms whose fossils were found on both the African and South American continents.
The same fossils were always found in South American and Africa. The only difference is that horses were found in Africa and not South America.
Until about 250 million years ago, fossils of the same organisms were found in both South America and Africa. After this, mostly different organisms were found.
Until about 250 million years ago, fossils of the same organisms were found in both South America and Africa. After this, mostly different organisms were found.
Scientists use radiometric dating to determine the exact age of rocks. What might scientists hypothesize about the natural structure shown in the image?
Responses
The lightest layers on the structure will be the oldest, while the darkest layers will be the youngest.
The highest layer on the structure will be the oldest, while the lowest layer will be the youngest.
The lowest layer on the structure will be the oldest, while the highest layer will be the youngest.
The darkest layers on the structure will be the oldest, while the lightest layers will be the youngest.
The lowest layer on the structure will be the oldest, while the highest layer will be the youngest.
Why do convergent boundaries cause the formation of volcanoes? (1 point)
Responses
When two plates collide, one goes under the other. This creates an area of high pressure, which causes mantle rock to melt into magma and shoot out onto the crust.
When two plates collide, one goes under the other. This creates an area of high pressure, which causes mantle rock to melt into magma and shoot out onto the crust.
When two plates move away from each other, they create a crack in the crust, or a fault. This fault can go all the way to the mantle, causing magma to shoot out onto the crust.
When two plates move away from each other, they create a crack in the crust, or a fault. This fault can go all the way to the mantle, causing magma to shoot out onto the crust.
When two plates move away from each other, the crust gets thinner. This allows magma to shoot out onto the surface of the crust and harden.
When two plates move away from each other, the crust gets thinner. This allows magma to shoot out onto the surface of the crust and harden.
When two plates collide, part of one plate is broken. This creates an area where the mantle is exposed to the air and magma shoots out onto the crust.
When two plates collide, part of one plate is broken. This creates an area where the mantle is exposed to the air and magma shoots out onto the crust.
When two plates collide, one goes under the other. This creates an area of high pressure, which causes mantle rock to melt into magma and shoot out onto the crust.
Acidic water is known to react with the substances in limestone, breaking it down. What is this process called?(1 point)
Responses
erosion
erosion
tectonic uplift
tectonic uplift
volcanism
volcanism
weathering
weathering
Monoculture, in which farmers raise a single crop in a field every year, can damage the soil. How much of a concern is this? (1 point)
Responses
A serious one because soil, once damaged, cannot be made fertile again within a human lifetime.
A serious one because soil, once damaged, cannot be made fertile again within a human lifetime.
A serious one, because damaged soil can harm fossil fuel reserves.
A serious one, because damaged soil can harm fossil fuel reserves.
This is not much of a problem because soil is a renewable resource.
This is not much of a problem because soil is a renewable resource.
Not a serious problem anymore, because soil damage can be fixed with recent technologies.
A serious one because soil, once damaged, cannot be made fertile again within a human lifetime.
Which natural resources can lead to a larger population in an area? (1 point)
Responses
Fossil fuels.
Fossil fuels.
Water only.
Water only.
Natural resources do not have a consistent relationship with population.
Natural resources do not have a consistent relationship with population.
Soil, animals that can be domesticated, and water.