What effect has ethnic and religious diversity had on the conditions in Indonesia?
A. Indonesia has taken steps to reduce ethnic diversity.
B. Indonesia has used strong economic policies to avoid violence among groups.
C. Indonesia has maintained peace despite a large number of religious and ethnic struggles.
D. Indonesia has experienced deadly violence as a result of infighting.
C. Indonesia has maintained peace despite a large number of religious and ethnic struggles.
C. Indonesia has maintained peace despite a large number of religious and ethnic struggles.
To determine the effect of ethnic and religious diversity on the conditions in Indonesia, we can analyze the historical and current situation in the country.
Indonesia is known for its diverse ethnic and religious makeup, with more than 700 ethnic groups and approximately 95% of the population being Muslim. The impact of this diversity has been a complex and multifaceted one.
C. Indonesia has maintained peace despite a large number of religious and ethnic struggles.
Indonesia has faced various challenges related to ethnic and religious tensions throughout its history. However, the country has largely managed to maintain peace and stability. It has implemented various strategies and policies to promote social cohesion and peaceful coexistence among different ethnic and religious groups.
One of the key factors contributing to the peaceful coexistence in Indonesia is the principle of "Pancasila," which is the state ideology. Pancasila emphasizes national unity and promotes respect for diversity, religious freedom, and social justice. The government has actively promoted and enforced these principles, fostering a sense of national identity and unity among the diverse ethnic and religious groups.
Furthermore, Indonesia has established a system of decentralized governance, allowing regional autonomy and empowering local governments to address the specific needs and concerns of different communities. This decentralization has helped to reduce tensions by giving more voice and autonomy to ethnic and religious minorities.
While Indonesia has faced instances of communal violence and conflicts in the past, the government has taken steps to address these issues through legal frameworks and law enforcement. There have been efforts to prosecute those responsible for inciting violence and promoting religious or ethnic hatred.
It's important to note that maintaining peace and stability is an ongoing process, and challenges may still arise. However, overall, Indonesia has managed to sustain peace despite the ethnic and religious diversity within the country.
Therefore, the correct answer is C. Indonesia has maintained peace despite a large number of religious and ethnic struggles.