The bacteria's role in the mouth is to break down and ferment carbohydrates that are consumed in the diet. As a result, they produce acid that can erode tooth enamel, cause bad breath, and contribute to the development of dental decay and gum disease. Some types of bacteria in the mouth, such as Streptococcus mutans, are particularly responsible for causing cavities, while others, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, can contribute to the development of periodontal disease. However, not all bacteria in the mouth are harmful and some are actually beneficial for maintaining a healthy oral microbiome.
