When compared to underground mining, why does surface mining have a larger impact on land ecosystems?
Surface mining has a larger impact on land ecosystems when compared to underground mining because it involves the removal of the topsoil and vegetation, which can lead to soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and habitat destruction. Surface mining also generates large amounts of waste rock and tailings, which can contaminate nearby water sources and soil. Additionally, the use of heavy machinery and explosives in surface mining can cause noise pollution and air pollution, which can have negative impacts on wildlife and human health. In contrast, underground mining typically has a smaller footprint on the surface and can be less disruptive to ecosystems, although it can still have environmental impacts such as subsidence and groundwater contamination.
What enviormental impacts are caused by both surface mining and underground mining? Select two correct answers.
A. Destruction from overburden
B. Release of underground gases
C. Destruction of Ecosystems
D. Local water contamination
E. Sinkhole formation after mining is complete
A and D are the correct answers. Both surface mining and underground mining can cause destruction from overburden and local water contamination.
Which statement is true about the potential environmental impact on local water by both surface and underground mining?
A. Both types of mining can cause acid and heavy metals to get into local water.
B. Both types of mining cause high risk of sediment runoff
C. Both types of mining lead to overburden clogging small local waterways
D. Both types of mining can lead to a lowered water table
A is the correct answer. Both types of mining can cause acid and heavy metals to get into local water sources, leading to environmental damage and potential health risks.
Surface mining, also known as open-pit mining or strip mining, involves the removal of overlying layers of soil and rock to access mineral deposits. It has a larger impact on land ecosystems compared to underground mining due to several factors:
1. Removal of vegetative cover: Surface mining requires clearing large areas of land, including forests and vegetation. This removal of vegetative cover disrupts ecosystems, leading to habitat loss for various plant and animal species.
2. Soil disturbance: Surface mining involves extensive excavation and removal of soil layers. This can result in significant soil erosion, compromising soil fertility and affecting the ability of plants to grow. Erosion can also lead to sedimentation, impacting nearby water bodies and aquatic ecosystems.
3. Altered topography: Surface mining often results in significant changes to the landscape by creating deep pits, slopes, and spoil heaps. These alterations can disrupt natural drainage patterns, leading to changes in water flow, groundwater recharge, and soil moisture levels.
4. Water contamination: Surface mining can generate runoff containing toxic substances such as heavy metals and chemicals used in the mining process. This runoff can contaminate nearby water sources, negatively impacting aquatic ecosystems and threatening the survival of aquatic organisms.
To get more specific information and data on the impacts of surface mining on land ecosystems, you can refer to scientific studies, environmental impact assessments conducted for mining projects, and reports from environmental organizations and regulatory bodies. These sources usually provide detailed analyses and statistics on the environmental consequences of surface mining operations.