Which of the following are the power of congress that are named or listed in the Constitution enumerated implied inherent reserved
The power of Congress that are named or listed in the Constitution are enumerated and implied.
The powers of Congress are primarily enumerated in the Constitution, meaning they are explicitly listed or named in the document. However, it is important to note that Congress also possesses certain implied, inherent, and reserved powers. Let's break down these categories:
1. Enumerated Powers: These powers are specifically listed in the Constitution under Article I, Section 8. Some examples include the power to regulate commerce, declare war, levy taxes, and coin money. There are 18 specific enumerated powers given to Congress.
To find the enumerated powers of Congress, you would refer to Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution.
2. Implied Powers: These powers are not explicitly stated in the Constitution, but are necessary and proper to carry out the enumerated powers. Implied powers are derived from the "necessary and proper" clause (also known as the elastic clause) in Article I, Section 8. This clause gives Congress the authority to make all laws that are necessary and proper for carrying out its duties.
To understand the implied powers of Congress, you would analyze the "necessary and proper" clause in the Constitution, specifically Article I, Section 8, Clause 18.
3. Inherent Powers: These powers are not specifically granted by the Constitution, but are inherent in the nature of a national government. They are derived from the country's sovereignty and its status as a sovereign nation. Inherent powers often relate to foreign affairs and self-defense.
Inherent powers are not found in a specific section of the Constitution, but rather are inferred from the overall structure of the document and the authority of the national government.
4. Reserved Powers: Reserved powers, on the other hand, are powers that are explicitly reserved for the states or the people under the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution. This means that any powers not specifically granted to the federal government are retained by the states or the people. Congress does not have direct authority over these reserved powers.
To find the reserved powers, you would refer to the Tenth Amendment in the United States Constitution.
In summary, the powers of Congress are primarily enumerated in the Constitution, but they also have implied powers derived from the necessary and proper clause, as well as inherent powers based on the nature of a national government. However, there are also reserved powers that are explicitly left to the states or the people.
The powers of Congress can be categorized into several types, including enumerated, implied, inherent, and reserved powers. Let's go through each of these types:
1. Enumerated Powers: These are powers explicitly listed in the Constitution. Some examples of enumerated powers of Congress include:
- The power to levy taxes
- The power to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states
- The power to declare war
- The power to establish post offices and post roads
- The power to make laws necessary and proper for carrying out its enumerated powers (also known as the "necessary and proper clause" or the "elastic clause")
2. Implied Powers: Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, implied powers are derived from the necessary and proper clause. These powers enable Congress to carry out its enumerated powers effectively. An example of an implied power is the creation of the Federal Reserve System to regulate monetary policy.
3. Inherent Powers: These are powers that are naturally possessed by any sovereign government. While not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, inherent powers allow Congress to perform actions necessary for the functioning of the federal government. For instance, the power to control immigration and to conduct foreign affairs are considered inherent powers.
4. Reserved Powers: Reserved powers are those not granted to the federal government and not prohibited to the states by the Constitution but are reserved for the states themselves. These powers are specifically outlined in the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution. Some reserved powers include the power to regulate intrastate commerce and to establish and maintain schools.
It is important to note that these power classifications are not mutually exclusive, and some powers may fall into multiple categories.