Question 1 (1 point)
The diagram below is of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth.
What event is shown in the diagram?
a
full moon
b
lunar eclipse
c
crescent moon
d
solar eclipse
Question 2 (1 point)
What can happen when Earth, the Sun, and the Moon line up in a straight line?
a
a change in the order of Moon phases
b
a lunar or solar eclipse
c
decreased planetary rotation
d
a reversal in the orbital direction
Question 3 (1 point)
During which phase does the Moon appear to be unlit by sunlight?
a
full moon
b
first quarter
c
new moon
d
third quarter
Question 4 (1 point)
In what order are the Moon, Earth, and the Sun aligned during a total eclipse of the Sun?
a
in the order of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth in a straight line
b
in the order of the Sun, Earth, and the Moon in a straight line
c
in the order of the Moon, Earth, and the Sun in a straight line
d
in the order of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon in a straight line
Question 5 (1 point)
What would an observer standing on the Moon see during a solar eclipse if she was looking back towards Earth?
a
The Sun fully covered by the Moon's shadow.
b
The Earth partially covered by the Moon's shadow.
c
The Earth fully covered by the Moon's shadow.
d
The Sun partially covered by the Moon's shadow.
Question 6 (1 point)
The map shows the United States.
Which city will most likely experience the mildest winters?
a
Helena, MT, because it is closest to the equator and receives the most direct sunlight.
b
Harrisburg, PA, because it is located in the southern hemisphere.
c
Tallahassee, FL, because it is closest to the equator and receives the most direct sunlight.
d
Des Moines, IA, because it is closest to the poles and receives the least direct sunlight.
Question 7 (1 point)
The picture shows the equator of Earth and the location of South Africa.
Which statement best compares the climate near the equator to the climate in South Africa?
a
The equator receives more direct sunlight through all the seasons of the year and this produces a warmer climate than South Africa.
b
The equator receives less direct sunlight in spring and summer so it is colder than South Africa.
c
The equator receives more direct sunlight in spring and summer so it is hotter than South Africa.
d
The equator receives less direct sunlight through all the seasons of the year and this produces a colder climate than South Africa.
Question 8 (1 point)
Rachael observed the pattern of the Moon. She observed that the shape of the Moon is not the same every day. What could be the reason for her observation?
a
The Moon produces its own light, and the part of the Moon facing Earth is visible.
b
The Moon reflects the light of Earth, and the part of the Moon facing Earth is visible.
c
The Moon reflects the Sun's light, and the part of the Moon facing the Sun is visible.
d
The Moon produces its own light, and the part of the Moon away from the Sun is visible.
Question 9 (1 point)
The diagram shows Earth in its yearly orbit around the Sun. During the year, places in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience seasons because of the tilt of Earth on its axis.
Which statement correctly identifies the season in the Northern Hemisphere when the Earth is at Position B?
a
It is winter because the northern part of Earth tilts away from the Sun.
b
It is summer because the northern part of Earth is tilted toward the Sun.
c
It is summer because Earth is farther away from the Sun.
d
It is winter because Earth is farther away from the Sun.
Question 10 (1 point)
Which of these would be best to use to model the Moon's phase changes?
a
glowing star stickers placed against a black background
b
two different sized foam balls to represent Earth and the Moon and a light source to represent the Sun
c
a photograph of the Moon
d
a flashlight for the Moon and a foam ball for Earth
Question 11 (1 point)
Why can a solar eclipse only happen during a new moon?
a
During a new moon, Earth does not receive the light created by the Moon.
b
During a new moon, the Moon is fullest and blocks the sunlight best.
c
During a new moon, Earth is between the Moon and the Sun.
d
During a new moon, the Moon is between the Sun and Earth.
Question 12 (1 point)
The picture below shows a globe with the location of Barrow, Alaska circled. For almost three months, mid-May to mid-August, the Sun never sets in Barrow, Alaska.
Which is themost likelyreason for the Sun always shining in the summer in Barrow?
a
Only the middle of Earth rotates around its axis, so the top of Earth always faces the Sun.
b
The Sun's axis is tilted, so sometimes parts of Earth face the Sun for the entire daily rotation.
c
Earth's axis is tilted, so sometimes parts of Earth face the Sun for the entire daily rotation.
d
Earth only rotates on its axis during the winter, so the same part of Earth faces the Sun all summer.
Question 13 (1 point)
This diagram shows Earth, the Moon, and the Sun.
Kinesha and her friend were watching a solar eclipse. Kinesha explains to her friend that a solar eclipse means that Earth is located between the Sun and the Moon. Her friend tells Kinesha that her explanation is incorrect. Why?
a
Kinesha is incorrect because a solar eclipse occurs when the Sun is directly between the Moon and Earth.
b
Kinesha is incorrect because a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is directly above Earth and the Sun.
c
Kinesha is incorrect because a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is directly below Earth and the Sun.
d
Kinesha is incorrect because a solar eclipse occurs when the Moon is directly between the Sun and Earth.
Question 14 (1 point)
Which of the following statements is correct?
a
Solar eclipses last longer when they happen during a full moon.
b
Solar eclipses produce a larger shadow than lunar eclipses.
c
Lunar eclipses are easier to see during the day than at night.
d
Lunar eclipses can be viewed from more places on Earth than solar eclipses.
Question 15 (1 point)
Which of the following is affected by the amount of sunlight that strikes different parts of Earth due to Earth's tilt on its axis?
a
the types of landforms on Earth
b
the lengths of the months on Earth
c
the changes of the seasons on Earth
d
the locations of the poles on Earth
Question 16 (1 point)
Use the diagram below to answer the question.
Which point indicates the location of the Moon that is the best for viewing a lunar eclipse from Earth?
a
M
b
O
c
P
d
N
Question 17 (1 point)
The picture shows Earth's movement around the Sun.
How does Earth's movement around the Sun affect the average monthly temperatures in Atlanta, Georgia?
a
Earth's tilt on its axis causes Atlanta to get different amounts of sunlight as it moves around the Sun.
b
Earth's orbital path causes Atlanta to get the same amount of sunlight as it moves around the Sun.
c
Earth's rotation on its axis causes Atlanta to get the same amount of sunlight as it moves around the Sun.
d
Earth's distance from the Sun causes Atlanta to get different amounts of sunlight as it moves around the Sun.
Question 18 (1 point)
Why does an eclipse happen?
a
The planets Mars and Venus interfere with Earth's orbit.
b
Stars twinkle which creates a delay in light transfer.
c
The Sun burns out quickly and reignites due to changes in magnetic energy.
d
A celestial object moves into the shadow made by another celestial object.
Question 19 (1 point)
Tin lives in Atlanta and observes the moon as a waxing gibbous. Her cousin lives halfway around the world in China. Do Tin and her cousin see the same phase of the moon at the same time?
a
No, because the phase of the Moon changes as the Earth rotates.
b
Yes, because the Moon quickly rotates around the Earth and will appear in the same phase to everyone on Earth.
c
Yes, because the phase of the Moon does not change as the Earth rotates.
d
No, because the Earth quickly rotates around the Moon and will appear in different phases to everyone on Earth.
Question 20 (1 point)
How much of the Moon is always reflecting sunlight?
a
a half
b
all
c
a quarter
d
none
Question 21 (1 point)
A student creates two models to demonstrate phases of the Moon. The models are shown.
Which moon phases can the models be used to demonstrate?
a
Model 1 can be used to demonstrate a full moon, and Model 2 can be used to demonstrate a waning crescent moon.
b
Model 1 can be used to demonstrate a first quarter moon, and Model 2 can be used to demonstrate a waxing gibbous moon.
c
Model 1 can be used to demonstrate a new moon, and Model 2 can be used to demonstrate a third quarter moon.
d
Model 1 can be used to demonstrate a full moon, and Model 2 can be used to demonstrate a new moon.
Question 22 (0 points)
The diagram shows Earth in its yearly orbit around the Sun.
Earth is moving from Position B to Position C. Which statement correctly identifies the season in the Northern Hemisphere when Earth is in Position C?
a
It is spring because the Northern Hemisphere is tilting toward the Sun and receiving more direct sunlight than Position B.
b
It is fall because the Northern Hemisphere is tilting toward the Sun and receiving more direct sunlight than Position B.
c
It is fall because the Northern Hemisphere is tilting away from the Sun and receiving less direct sunlight than Position B.
d
It is spring because the Northern Hemisphere is tilting away from the Sun and receiving less direct sunlight than Position B.
Question 23 (1 point)
The pictures shows a diagram of the Earth on its axis.
Which position of Earth is correct if the state of Georgia is experiencing spring?
a
W
b
X
c
Z
d
Y
Question 24 (1 point)
During the month of July, Floridians living in the Northern Hemisphere experience hot weather while Australians living in the Southern Hemisphere experience cold weather. Why does Florida experience summer while Australia experiences winter?
a
Australia is closer to the Sun than Florida during the month of July.
b
Florida is closer to the equator than Australia during the month of July.
c
The Northern Hemisphere is experiencing day while the Southern Hemisphere is experiencing night.
d
The Northern Hemisphere is tilted more toward the Sun than the Southern Hemisphere.