A solution contains 4.5 × 10 -3M HCl. Determine the following: a. [H 3 O + ] b. [OH -] c. pH
See your other problem. Same process.
To determine the values you are looking for, we need to use the concept of dissociation of acids in water.
The dissociation of HCl in water can be represented by the equation: HCl → H+ + Cl-
Given that the concentration of HCl is 4.5 × 10^-3 M, we can conclude that the concentration of H+ ions is also 4.5 × 10^-3 M.
a. [H3O+]
Since H+ ions combine with water molecules to form hydronium ions (H3O+), the concentration of hydronium ions is equal to the concentration of H+ ions in this case, which is 4.5 × 10^-3 M.
b. [OH-]
To calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-), we can use the fact that in pure water, the concentration of H+ ions and OH- ions are equal. Since HCl is an acid and dissociates into H+ ions, the concentration of OH- ions will be much lower. However, in this case, the OH- concentration will be negligible compared to the H+ concentration.
c. pH
pH is a measure of the concentration of H+ ions in a solution and is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the H+ concentration. Therefore, pH = -log[H+].
Using the H+ concentration of 4.5 × 10^-3 M, we can calculate the pH as follows:
pH = -log(4.5 × 10^-3) ≈ 2.35
So the pH of the solution is approximately 2.35.
To determine the values of [H3O+], [OH-], and pH, we need to use the concept of acidity and basicity in chemistry and calculate the concentrations of these ions based on the given information.
a. [H3O+]:
[H3O+] represents the concentration of hydronium ions in the solution and is related to the concentration of HCl. In this case, the concentration of HCl is given as 4.5 × 10^-3 M.
To determine [H3O+], we can assume that all of the HCl is completely ionized (dissociated) in water, which means that one mole of HCl produces one mole of H3O+ ions.
Therefore, the concentration of H3O+ ions is equal to the concentration of HCl:
[H3O+] = 4.5 × 10^-3 M
b. [OH-]:
[OH-] represents the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution. In this case, since we are dealing with HCl (a strong acid), it completely dissociates into H+ ions and Cl- ions. Since there are no OH- ions produced from HCl, the concentration of [OH-] is equal to 0.
[OH-] = 0
c. pH:
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is calculated using the formula:
pH = -log[H3O+]
Using the [H3O+] value found in part (a), we can calculate the pH:
pH = -log(4.5 × 10^-3)
= -log(4.5) + log(10^-3)
= -log(4.5) -3
You can use a scientific calculator or the log function in a computer program or spreadsheet to find the result.
Please note that the pH value will depend on the logarithmic scale used (common logarithm, base 10), and the result will be a negative value in this case.
I hope this explanation helps you understand how to determine the values of [H3O+], [OH-], and pH based on the given concentration of HCl.