PG 106
Q1. List four harmful things found in tobacco smoke.
Q2. Explain why smokers find it hard to give up.
Q3. Explain why smokers often get bronchitis.
Q4. Name two other diseases caused by smoking.
Ans (Q3). The lungs can quickly become infected by bacteria. This causes bronchitis.
Ans (Q1). These harmful things found in tobacco smoke:-
1. Nicotine
2. Tar
3. Carbon monoxide
4. Cyanide
Ans (Q2). It is an addictive drug. Smokers cannot do without it and so find it hard to give up.
Ans (Q4). Smoking causes :- stroke, and diabetes.
To find the answers to these questions, we can turn to reliable sources such as books, scientific research articles, or reputable websites. Keep in mind that the page number provided (106) may vary depending on the source you are using. However, here are the answers to your questions:
Q1. List four harmful things found in tobacco smoke.
To determine the harmful substances in tobacco smoke, we can refer to scientific studies and medical resources. Tobacco smoke contains numerous toxic substances, but four notable harmful components are:
1. Nicotine: A highly addictive substance that increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and contributes to the development of addiction.
2. Tar: A sticky substance that accumulates in the lungs and airways, causing damage and increasing the risk of developing respiratory issues.
3. Carbon monoxide (CO): A poisonous gas that replaces oxygen in the bloodstream, preventing vital organs from receiving adequate oxygen supply.
4. Various carcinogens: Tobacco smoke contains numerous cancer-causing substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and nitrosamines.
Q2. Explain why smokers find it hard to give up.
The difficulty faced by smokers when trying to quit smoking is multi-faceted and can vary from person to person. Here are a few common reasons:
1. Nicotine addiction: Cigarettes contain nicotine, a highly addictive substance that causes physical and psychological dependency. Withdrawal symptoms, including cravings, irritability, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating, make it challenging for smokers to quit.
2. Habitual behavior: Smoking often becomes deeply ingrained in an individual's routine and daily activities. It becomes associated with certain situations, emotions, or social interactions, making it harder to break the habit.
3. Psychological factors: Some smokers have psychological dependencies on smoking as a coping mechanism for stress, anxiety, or other emotional challenges. Quitting smoking may require alternative strategies to address these underlying issues.
4. Social influences and support: Peer pressure, observing others smoke, or being surrounded by smokers can make it harder to quit. Additionally, limited social support or lack of resources for quitting may impact a smoker's success.
5. Fear of weight gain: Some individuals may be concerned about gaining weight after quitting smoking. This fear can act as a barrier to quitting as they may associate cigarettes with suppressing appetite.
Q3. Explain why smokers often get bronchitis.
Smokers have an increased risk of developing bronchitis due to the damaging effects of tobacco smoke on the respiratory system. Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs. Here's why smokers are more susceptible:
1. Irritation and damage: Tobacco smoke irritates the bronchial tubes, leading to inflammation and swelling. Continuous exposure to smoke damages the protective lining of the airways and impairs their ability to clear mucus effectively.
2. Increased mucus production: Smoking stimulates the production of excess mucus in the airways, which obstructs the flow of air. The accumulation of mucus provides an ideal environment for bacteria and viruses, increasing the likelihood of infections like bronchitis.
3. Weaker immune response: Tobacco smoke weakens the immune system's ability to fight off infections, making smokers more vulnerable to respiratory infections, including bronchitis.
Q4. Name two other diseases caused by smoking.
Tobacco smoking is associated with an increased risk for various diseases. Here are two examples:
1. Lung cancer: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, responsible for about 85% of all cases. The carcinogenic chemicals in tobacco smoke damage the DNA in lung cells, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of tumors.
2. Cardiovascular diseases: Smoking harms the cardiovascular system and is a significant risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. The chemicals in tobacco smoke damage blood vessels, increase blood pressure, reduce oxygen supply to the heart, and promote the development of atherosclerosis (the buildup of plaque in arteries).
Please note that while these answers are formulated based on reliable information, it is always advisable to consult credible sources or experts to obtain more detailed and up-to-date information.