Question

2. Let A = {a, b, c, d} and let R = {(a, b),(b, a),(c, c),(b, c),(c, b),(a, c),(c, a),(d, d)} be a relation

on A.
Determine if R is...
(a) reflexive
(b) symmetric
(c) antisymmetric
(d) transitive

I'm not sure how to start this problem and would like to know how to start this

Answer 1

first, review the properties. For example,

(a) R is not reflexive, because you do not have (a,a) or (b,b)