Which identifies the 16th century movement to address the abuses of the Roman Catholic Church, resulting in the establishment of Protestant churches?

Reformation
Great Schism
Great Awakening
Renaissance

Reformation?

Yes, reformation.

The correct answer is the Reformation. To arrive at this answer, we can eliminate the other options - Great Schism, Great Awakening, and Renaissance - and explain why they are not the correct choices.

1. Great Schism: The Great Schism refers to the split within the Catholic Church in the 14th century when there were two rival popes, one in Rome and one in Avignon. It does not relate to the 16th-century movement to address the abuses of the Roman Catholic Church.

2. Great Awakening: The Great Awakening was a religious revival movement that took place in the American colonies during the 18th century. It focused on individual spiritual experiences and a deep sense of personal conviction. It is unrelated to the 16th-century movement to address the abuses of the Catholic Church.

3. Renaissance: The Renaissance was a period of cultural, artistic, and intellectual growth that occurred from the 14th to the 17th century. While it influenced various aspects of society, including the Church, it is not directly associated with the movement to establish Protestant churches as a response to the Roman Catholic Church's abuses.

Therefore, the correct answer is the Reformation, as it specifically refers to the 16th-century movement to address the abuses of the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the establishment of Protestant churches.