Why is urbanization associated with the Industrial Revolution?
A. The expansion of family farms refocused the nation on agriculture.
B. The concentration of factories in cities brought job opportunities.
C. Settlers expanded the frontier west of the Mississippi River.
D. Immigrants settled in large cities and brought cultural diversity.
B. The concentration of factories in cities brought job opportunities.
The correct answer is B. The concentration of factories in cities brought job opportunities.
Urbanization refers to the process of the population shifting from rural areas to cities. During the Industrial Revolution, which took place from the late 18th to early 19th centuries, there was a significant technological and industrial advancement. This led to the establishment and growth of factories, which were primarily located in urban areas.
As factories were built, they brought job opportunities for the growing population. People migrated to cities in search of employment and a better life. These factories were centers of manufacturing and production, attracting workers from rural areas who sought jobs in industries like textiles, mining, and manufacturing.
The concentration of factories in cities was driven by factors such as access to transportation networks, raw materials, and markets. Cities offered better infrastructure, like railways and canals, which allowed for the movement of goods and resources more efficiently. Additionally, the proximity to rivers and ports facilitated trade and the export of manufactured goods.
As urban areas grew to accommodate the influx of people, the living conditions in cities changed significantly. Close quarters, poor sanitation, and overcrowding were common challenges associated with urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. However, despite the hardships, cities offered economic opportunities that attracted individuals and fueled the process of urbanization.
Therefore, the association between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution is primarily due to the concentration of factories in cities, which brought job opportunities and lured people from rural areas to urban centers.