You have asked by that same organization to include questionnaire items about what they like most about the organization. They have asked you to compare these attitudes based on rural, urban, and suburban residence. (a) What is the independent variable? Develop a questionnaire item to operationalize it. What is the item’s level of data? (b) What is the dependent variable? Develop a questionnaire item to operationalize it. What is the item’s level of data? (c) What statistic would you use to determine if there is a statistically significant relationship between these two variables?
(a) The independent variable is the residence location, specifically whether the participants reside in a rural, urban, or suburban area.
To operationalize this variable, you could include the following questionnaire item:
"Please indicate your current residence location:
1. Rural
2. Urban
3. Suburban"
The level of data for this item would be nominal, as the response options represent different categories without any inherent order or numerical value.
(b) The dependent variable is the respondents' attitudes towards the organization, specifically what they like most about it.
To operationalize this variable, you could include the following questionnaire item:
"What do you like most about the organization? Please select the option that best represents your choice:
1. Friendly work environment
2. Opportunities for growth
3. Meaningful work
4. Competitive salary
5. Other (please specify)"
The level of data for this item would be categorical, as the response options represent different categories without any inherent order. The "Other" option allows for additional open-ended responses, which you could subsequently code into categories if required.
(c) To determine if there is a statistically significant relationship between the residence location and attitudes towards the organization, you would use an appropriate statistical test such as the chi-square test for independence.
The chi-square test for independence compares the observed frequencies of each combination of the independent and dependent variables with what would be expected if there were no relationship between them. It determines whether the differences in the observed frequencies are statistically significant or due to chance.
By conducting the chi-square test for independence on the data obtained from the questionnaire responses, you can assess whether there is a significant relationship between residence location and attitudes towards the organization.