Question

Why other molecules have dipoles

Answer 1

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

It is important to note that not all molecules have dipoles. The reason why some molecules do have dipoles is due to differences in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.

When two atoms with different electronegativities form a covalent bond, the shared electrons are not equally shared between the two atoms. Instead, the electrons are drawn closer to the more electronegative atom, creating a partial negative charge on that atom and a partial positive charge on the other atom. This unequal sharing of electrons creates a dipole moment, or a separation of positive and negative charges within the molecule.

So, molecules with dipoles are typically made up of atoms with different electronegativities that form polar covalent bonds. Examples of molecules with dipoles include water (H2O) and ammonia (NH3).