The origins of South African apartheid can be traced back to the colonization of South Africa by the Dutch and British in the 17th century. As the colonists established control over the region, racial tensions arose between the White colonizers and the Black South Africans. The fear of Black South Africans overthrowing the colonial government and the belief in White supremacy led to the implementation of segregationist policies.
The pass laws, which required Black South Africans to carry passes at all times and restricted their movement, further entrenched the system of apartheid. The apartheid system officially began in 1948 when the National Party came to power and implemented a series of laws that institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination.
Apartheid was also fueled by the desire of the White minority to maintain political and economic power in South Africa. The system of apartheid systematically oppressed Black South Africans, denying them basic rights and access to resources, while privileging the White minority.
Overall, the origins of apartheid in South Africa can be attributed to a combination of colonial history, racial tensions, fear of losing power, and the belief in White supremacy.