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The pressure in excess of that due to the atmosphere at the top and base of the cylinder can be calculated using the formula:
pressure = density * gravity * height
1) At the top of the cylinder:
pressure_1 = density_water * gravity * height_1
pressure_1 = 1000 kg/m³ * 9.81 m/s² * 0.20 m
pressure_1 = 1962.00 Pa
2) At the base of the cylinder:
pressure_2 = density_water * gravity * (2*height - height_1)
pressure_2 = 1000 kg/m³ * 9.81 m/s² * (0.40 m - 0.20 m)
pressure_2 = 1962.00 Pa
Therefore, the pressure in excess of that due to the atmosphere at the top and base of the cylinder is 1962.00 Pa.