Question

summery of physiological calcium homeostasis

Answer 1

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

Calcium homeostasis is maintained by a complex interplay of different organs and hormones in the body. The main organs involved in regulating calcium levels are the bones, kidneys, and intestines.

The bones serve as a storage site for calcium, which can be released into the bloodstream when levels are low. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating calcium levels by reabsorbing or excreting calcium as needed. The intestines absorb calcium from food and play a role in overall calcium balance.

Hormones such as parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and vitamin D also play key roles in calcium homeostasis. PTH increases calcium levels in the blood by stimulating the release of calcium from the bones and increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys. Calcitonin works in opposition to PTH, lowering blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone breakdown and promoting calcium excretion by the kidneys. Vitamin D helps regulate calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption in the intestines.

Overall, the body maintains a delicate balance of calcium levels to support vital functions such as muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and bone health. Disruptions in calcium homeostasis can lead to serious health issues such as osteoporosis, kidney stones, and muscle weakness.