Since a rectangular pyramid has a volume of \(10 cm^3\), and the volume of a pyramid is given by the formula:
\[ V = \frac{1}{3}Bh \]
where \(B\) is the area of the base and \(h\) is the height of the pyramid.
For a rectangular pyramid with a congruent base and height, the base area and height are the same. Let's call this common side length \(s\).
So, the volume of the pyramid can also be written as:
\[ V = \frac{1}{3}s^2h = 10cm^3 \]
Since the base is a square, the base area can also be written as:
\[ B = s^2 \]
Therefore, we can rewrite the formula for the volume of the pyramid as:
\[ V = \frac{1}{3}Bh = \frac{1}{3}s^2h = 10cm^3 \]
Since \(s = h\) in this case, we can replace \(h\) with \(s\) in the formula and solve for \(s\):
\[ \frac{1}{3}s^3 = 10cm^3 \]
\[ s^3 = 30cm^3 \]
\[ s = \sqrt[3]{30cm^3} \]
\[ s ≈ 3.108cm \]
Now that we have found the side length of the base, we can calculate the volume of the pyramid using the formula for volume:
\[ V = \frac{1}{3}s^2h = \frac{1}{3}(3.108cm)^2(3.108cm) \]
\[ V ≈ 10cm^3 \]
Therefore, the volume of the rectangular pyramid with a congruent base and height is approximately \(10cm^3\).