a 22.5g sample of (NH4)2CO3 (ammonium carbonate) contains_____ moles of ammonium ions.

A. o.468
b. 0.288
C. 0.234
d. 2.14
e. 3.47

moles (NH4)2CO3 = grams/molar mass.

Then moles NH4^+ will be twice that since there are two NH4^+ ions in one molecule of (NH4)2CO3.

To determine the number of moles of ammonium ions in a 22.5 g sample of (NH4)2CO3, we need to use the molar mass of (NH4)2CO3 and the molar mass of the ammonium ion.

Step 1: Find the molar mass of (NH4)2CO3.
(NH4)2CO3 consists of 2 ammonium ions, NH4+, and one carbonate ion, CO3^2-.

The molar mass of ammonium ion (NH4+) is:
1 nitrogen atom (N) = 14.01 g/mol
4 hydrogen atoms (H) = 4.03 g/mol (approx.)
Total = 14.01 + 4(4.03) = 14.01 + 16.12 = 30.13 g/mol

The molar mass of carbonate ion (CO3^2-) is:
1 carbon atom (C) = 12.01 g/mol
3 oxygen atoms (O) = 3(16.00) = 48.00 g/mol
Total = 12.01 + 48.00 = 60.01 g/mol

The molar mass of (NH4)2CO3 is:
2 ammonium ions = 2(30.13 g/mol) = 60.26 g/mol
1 carbonate ion = 60.01 g/mol
Total = 60.26 + 60.01 = 120.27 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate the number of moles.
Number of moles = mass / molar mass

For the given sample of 22.5 g:
Number of moles = 22.5 g / 120.27 g/mol = 0.187 mol

Step 3: Determine the number of moles of ammonium ions.
Since there are 2 ammonium ions in one formula unit of (NH4)2CO3, the number of moles of ammonium ions would be twice the number of moles of (NH4)2CO3.

Number of moles of ammonium ions = 2(0.187 mol) = 0.374 mol

Therefore, the 22.5 g sample of (NH4)2CO3 contains 0.374 moles of ammonium ions.

The correct answer is:
C. 0.234

To find the number of moles of ammonium ions in a sample of (NH4)2CO3, we need to first determine the molar mass of (NH4)2CO3.

The molar mass can be calculated by adding up the atomic masses of all the elements in the formula. The atomic masses are obtained from the periodic table.

The molar mass of nitrogen (N) is approximately 14.01 g/mol, the molar mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol, carbon (C) is approximately 12.01 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol.

(NH4)2CO3 contains 2 moles of nitrogen, 8 moles of hydrogen, 1 mole of carbon, and 3 moles of oxygen.

Calculating the molar mass:
(2 × molar mass of N) + (8 × molar mass of H) + (1 × molar mass of C) + (3 × molar mass of O)
= (2 × 14.01 g/mol) + (8 × 1.01 g/mol) + (1 × 12.01 g/mol) + (3 × 16.00 g/mol)
= 28.02 g/mol + 8.08 g/mol + 12.01 g/mol + 48.00 g/mol
= 96.11 g/mol

Now, we can use the molar mass to find the number of moles of (NH4)2CO3 in a 22.5 g sample.

Number of moles = mass of sample / molar mass
= 22.5 g / 96.11 g/mol
≈ 0.234 moles

Since there are 2 ammonium ions (NH4+) in one formula unit of (NH4)2CO3, the number of moles of ammonium ions is twice the number of moles of (NH4)2CO3.

Number of moles of ammonium ions = 2 × 0.234 moles
= 0.468 moles

Therefore, the correct answer is A. 0.468 moles.