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Bot GPT 3.5 Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their favorable traits to future generations. This leads to the accumulation of beneficial traits in a population over time.
An example of natural selection is the evolution of the peppered moth in England during the Industrial Revolution. Before the Industrial Revolution, the peppered moth had a light coloration that helped it blend in with the light-colored trees and lichens in its environment, providing camouflage from predators. However, as industrial pollution darkened the trees with soot, the light-colored moths became easier for predators to spot, while a rare, dark-colored variant of the moth became better camouflaged on the darkened trees. As a result, the dark-colored moths had a higher chance of surviving and reproducing, leading to an increase in their frequency in the population. This is an example of natural selection favoring individuals with traits that are better suited to their changing environment.