1. Rome became a republic because the aristocrats misused their power.
2. The measure that best demonstrates the Romans' fear of officials gaining too much power is the limit on time in office.
3. Common citizens in Roman society lived in cramped apartments in shabby buildings in Rome and worked dangerous jobs in mines. Enslaved people served as servants to wealthy Romans and rented land from wealthy landowners.
4. The tribunes of the plebs were powerful in Roman government because they could veto any law or action of a magistrate.
5. Roman citizens had to pay taxes, serve in the military, and serve as jurors because Romans stressed civic duty.
6. A major difference between the lives of the wealthy and the poor in Roman society was that the wealthy lived in villas while the poor lived in urban areas.
7. Assemblies of citizens and citizens electing officials and passing laws represent the democratic features of the Roman government.
8. Rome was able to expand because the Roman soldiers built roads and bridges.
9. The constitution of Rome was different from the constitution of the United States as it was an unwritten constitution.
10. According to Cicero, the reason why Rome was so great was that they had made the gods happy.
11. Augustus changed the government of Rome by respecting the traditions of the republic and taking away most powers of the Senate.
12. Assemblies enforced the law and passed the laws, while the Senate controlled foreign policy. Magistrates elected officials.
13. Continuing the family name through sons was seen as the most virtuous male duty in Roman society.
14. A result of Rome having a less rugged landscape than Greece was that Rome was able to easily unify the whole Italian peninsula.
15. The increasing power of military leaders helped bring about the end of the republic because the military leaders began to get more loyalty from soldiers than the government did.
16. Julius Caesar helped the poor and created jobs building bridges and roads during his time in control.
17. Three similarities between the United States government and the Roman republic government include having a system of checks and balances, having elected officials, and having a separation of powers. Three differences include the United States having a written constitution while Rome had an unwritten constitution, the United States having a president as the head of state while Rome had consuls, and the United States having a bicameral legislature while Rome had a unicameral legislature.
18. The lives of Greek women were different than the lives of Roman women as Greek women had limited rights and were expected to manage the household, while Roman women had more freedom and could own property and participate in public life.
19. Greek and Etruscan civilizations had influences on the creation of the Roman Republic, such as the adoption of Greek gods and religious practices, the Etruscans influencing Roman architecture and engineering, and the Greek concept of democracy influencing the development of the Roman government.