Black consciousness is a social and political philosophy that emerged during the 1960s in South Africa, primarily led by Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement. It emphasizes the self-affirmation and empowerment of Black people, promoting pride in African heritage and combating the racial inferiority complex imposed by colonialism and apartheid. Central to black consciousness is the recognition of the unique experiences, struggles, and cultural identity of Black individuals, aiming to foster a sense of unity, solidarity, and self-determination within the Black community. At its core, black consciousness seeks to challenge and dismantle oppressive systems, promote equality, and achieve liberation for Black people.
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