Heat transfer by radiation is the process of transferring heat from one object to another through electromagnetic waves. Unlike conduction and convection, which require a medium such as a solid or a fluid, radiation can occur in a vacuum or through transparent mediums. It involves the emission, absorption, and transmission of electromagnetic waves, which include infrared radiation, visible light, and ultraviolet radiation. When an object with a higher temperature radiates electromagnetic waves, it transfers heat to objects with lower temperatures that absorb these waves. This mechanism is responsible for heat transfer from the Sun to the Earth, as well as the warmth felt when standing close to a fire or a heated object.
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