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Based on the given information that sound waves travel at 343 m/s in room temperature air, it can be deduced that A (the gas) is the medium through which sound waves travel at 343 m/s. Therefore, C (the solid) is the medium through which sound waves travel at 5800 m/s, as it has the highest speed. This leaves B (the liquid) as the medium through which sound waves travel at 1482 m/s.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
A is the gas, B is the liquid, and C is the solid.