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xy = -42 is not a direct variation because the product of x and y is a constant value (-42) as opposed to the ratio of y and x being constant.
y = -8x is a direct variation because y is directly proportional to x with a constant ratio of -8.
y = 24/x is not a direct variation because y is inversely proportional to x with a constant ratio of 24.
y = x² is not a direct variation because y is not directly proportional to x.