1. Desert animals: These include unique and specialized species such as camels, scorpions, lizards, and kangaroo rats. They are adapted to survive in the harsh desert conditions and play important roles in the ecosystem, such as pollination, seed dispersal, and predator-prey relationships.
2. Desert plants: The primary producers in the desert ecosystem, including cacti, succulents, and shrubs. They have adaptations to conserve water and withstand extreme temperatures, and provide food and shelter for other organisms.
3. Insects and arthropods: Desert ants, beetles, spiders, and other small invertebrates play crucial roles in the desert food web by decomposing organic matter, pollinating plants, and serving as a food source for other animals.
4. Indigenous humans: Some desert regions are home to indigenous communities that have adapted to living in arid environments. They rely on the desert's resources for their subsistence, such as hunting desert animals, gathering desert plants, and practicing traditional desert farming techniques.