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All of the options provided are important aspects of protecting individual rights, but the most accurate answer is b) they ensure that all citizens are treated equally by the government.
Individual rights serve as a safeguard against potential abuses of power by the government. By protecting these rights, citizens are given the assurance that they will be treated fairly and equally, regardless of their background, identity, or beliefs. This principle of equality is fundamental to a democratic society and promotes social justice. Additionally, protecting individual rights helps to prevent discrimination, tyranny, and the violation of basic human rights.