The chemical changes listed are:
1. Rusting on the lock
2. Chopping wood for a fire
3. Apple rotting on the counter
4. Making cake batter and water
5. Boiling water
6. A plant going through photosynthesis
1. Rusting on the lock
2. Chopping wood for a fire
3. Apple rotting on the counter
4. Making cake batter and water
5. Boiling water
6. A plant going through photosynthesis
Let's analyze each action to see if it produces a chemical change:
1. Rust on the lock:
Rust formation is a chemical change. It occurs when iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture, resulting in the formation of iron(III) oxide (rust). Oxygen and water are reactants, while rust is the product.
2. Chopping wood for a fire:
Chopping wood is a physical change, not a chemical change. The wood is simply being physically broken into smaller pieces. No new substances are formed.
3. Apple rotting on the counter:
The rotting of an apple is a chemical change. It is caused by biochemical reactions that break down the apple's organic compounds, such as sugars and proteins, resulting in the production of new substances like carbon dioxide, water, and various organic compounds that cause the characteristic smell of rotting.
4. Making cake batter:
Making cake batter involves both physical and chemical changes. Physically, the ingredients are mixed to achieve a uniform consistency. Chemically, the batter undergoes various reactions, such as the interaction of baking powder with acid to produce carbon dioxide gas, which causes the cake to rise when baked.
5. Boiling water:
Boiling water is a physical change. The water changes from a liquid to a gas (water vapor) due to the absorption of heat energy. However, no new substances are formed.
6. A plant going through photosynthesis:
Photosynthesis is a chemical change. In this process, plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (a sugar) and oxygen. Sunlight is the energy source, while glucose and oxygen are the products.
In summary, the actions that involve a chemical change are rusting on the lock, the apple rotting on the counter, making cake batter, and a plant going through photosynthesis.