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To find the rate of change, we need to calculate the slope of the line passing through the points (1, 160) and (3, 80).
The slope formula is given by:
slope = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
Plugging in the values:
slope = (80 - 160) / (3 - 1)
= (-80) / 2
= -40
Therefore, the rate of change in the number of gallons in the pool after each hour has passed is -40 gallons per hour.