Question

“That we have cultivated cotton, cotton, cotton and bought everything else,

has long enough been our opprobrium [disgrace]. It is time we should be
roused by some means or other to see, that such a course of conduct will
inevitably terminate in our ultimate poverty and ruin. Let us manufacture,
because it is our best policy. Let us go more on provision crops and less on
cotton, because we have had every thing about us poor and impoverished
long enough— . . . If we have followed a ruinous policy and bought all the
articles of subsistence instead of raising them, who is to blame? . . . Let us
change our policy . . . . We have good land, unlimited water-powers, capital
in plenty, and a patriotism which is running over in some places.”
Georgia Courier, June 21, 1827
and enslaved people were in continual conflict. Kenneth Stampp summarized
this view in The Peculiar Institution: Slavery in the Ante-Bellum South (1956).
Two years later, Alfred Conrad and John Meyers published an influential article
that provided evidence that slavery was profitable, adding to the argument that
the institution would not fade away as it had in most of Latin America.
Slavery's Impact on Black Culture Historians have bitterly disagreed
over the legacy of slavery on the culture of African Americans. Stanley Elkins,
in Slavery: A Problem in American Institutional Life (1959), argued that slavery
was so oppressive that no distinctive Black culture could develop. In contrast,
Eugene Genovese’s Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made (1974) argued
that enslaved African Americans did develop and maintain a culture based on
family life, tradition, and religion.
Recent scholars have expanded on how enslaved people not only created
their own culture but found creative ways to resist their condition. Tera W.
Hunter's Bound in Wedlock: Slave and Free Black Marriage in the Nineteenth
Century (2017) highlighted how enslaved people developed long-term
relationships, despite obstacles to traditional marriage created by their owners.
Support an Argument Explain two perspectives on the nature of slavery.
252 UNITED STATES HISTORY: AP ® EDITION
1. The remarks in the excerpt were directed most clearly toward which of
the following groups?
(A) Bankers who did not want to invest money outside their own region
(B) Manufacturers who failed to market their products effectively
(C) Farmers who grew crops and raised livestock mostly for their own
consumption
(D) Plantation owners who profited from producing crops they could
sell overseas
2. At the time this excerpt was written, in which of the following was the
largest amount of Southern capital invested?
(A) Railroads and other transportation systems to connect urban areas
(B) Enslaved people who mostly performed agricultural labor
(C) Land that was purchased for use or sale at a later time
(D) Small factories that produced a variety of goods for export

Answer 1

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

1. (D) Plantation owners who profited from producing crops they could sell overseas

2. (B) Enslaved people who mostly performed agricultural labor