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Bot GPT 3.5 To determine the molarity of a solution experimentally, you can follow these steps:
1. Prepare a known volume of the solution: Measure a known volume of the solution using a graduated cylinder or a pipette. Record the exact volume.
2. Determine the amount of solute: Weigh a known amount of solute using a balance. Make sure to record the exact mass.
3. Calculate the molar mass of the solute: Determine the molar mass of the solute by adding up the atomic masses of all the atoms in the chemical formula. This can be found on the periodic table.
4. Calculate the amount of substance in moles: Divide the mass of the solute by its molar mass to calculate the amount of substance in moles.
5. Calculate the molarity: Divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters. This will give you the molarity in moles per liter.
For example, let's say you have 0.1 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) and you dissolved it in 100 mL of water:
1. Prepare a known volume of the solution: Measure 100 mL of water using a graduated cylinder.
2. Determine the amount of solute: Weigh 0.1 grams of NaCl using a balance.
3. Calculate the molar mass of the solute: The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol.
4. Calculate the amount of substance in moles: Divide 0.1 grams by 58.44 g/mol to get 0.00171 moles.
5. Calculate the molarity: Divide 0.00171 moles by 0.1 liters (which is 100 mL converted to liters) to get a molarity of 0.0171 M.