ook at the timeline of important events in early Jewish history.
A timeline shows key events in Jewish history from 1200 B.C.E. to 400 B.C.E.
What date on the timeline marks the beginning of the Jewish Diaspora?
(1 point)
Responses
c. 1200 BCE
c. 1200 BCE
c. 900 BCE
c. 900 BCE
c. 722 BCE
c. 722 BCE
c. 587 BCE
c. 587 BCE
Look at the map.
A map shows the various Phoenecian and Greek colonies.
What could best be inferred from the map?
(1 point)
Responses
Phoenicia was frequently at war with other empires.
Phoenicia was frequently at war with other empires.
Phoenicians traded with peoples in Africa and Europe.
Phoenicians traded with peoples in Africa and Europe.
The population of Phoenicia and its colonies was larger than that of Greece and its colonies.
The population of Phoenicia and its colonies was larger than that of Greece and its colonies.
Greece and its colonies benefitted from a better climate for agriculture.
Phoenicians traded with peoples in Africa and Europe.
Which of the following texts contains commentaries on the teachings of Moses?
(1 point)
Responses
the Writings
the Writings
the Torah
the Torah
the Hebrew Bible
the Hebrew Bible
the Talmud
the Talmud
Look at the photograph.
A photograph of a form of Sumerian art is shown.
What Sumerian art form does the photograph show?
(1 point)
Responses
cylinder seals
cylinder seals
stone stelae
stone stelae
ivory netsuke
ivory netsuke
cuneiform printing
cylinder seals
Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.(1 point)
Sumer is important in world history because it was
the birthplace of civilization.
hen Judaism began, how was it different from other religions in the ancient world?
(1 point)
Responses
Judaism had sacred texts.
Judaism had sacred texts.
Judaism did not instruct its followers about how to lead their daily lives.
Judaism did not instruct its followers about how to lead their daily lives.
Judaism held that there was one God who set down laws about right and wrong.
Judaism held that there was one God who set down laws about right and wrong.
Judaism held that there was good and evil in the universe.
Judaism held that there was good and evil in the universe.
Judaism held that there was one God who set down laws about right and wrong.
Read the excerpt from Hammurabi’s Code.
“If a man has knocked out the eye of a patrician [aristocrat], his eye shall be knocked out. . . If he has knocked out the eye of a plebeian [commoner] . . . he shall pay one mina of silver. If he has knocked out the eye of a patrician’s servant . . . he shall pay half his value.”
What does this quote illustrate about the nature of Hammurabi’s Code?
(1 point)
Responses
The law's punishments did not encourage social order.
The law's punishments did not encourage social order.
The law did not treat all members of society equally.
The law did not treat all members of society equally.
The law did not address any private matters.
The law did not address any private matters.
The law did not specify the crime.
The law did not treat all members of society equally.
Use the drop-down menus to complete the sentence.
(1 point)
The official religion of the Persian Empire was
Choose
, whose main belief is
Choose
The official religion of the Persian Empire was Zoroastrianism, whose main belief is the existence of a supreme deity named Ahura Mazda.
Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.(1 point)
The Israelites consider Canaan to be the Promised Land because they believed that
Choose
The Israelites consider Canaan to be the Promised Land because they believed that God had promised it to them as an inheritance.
How did the Diaspora change the way Jews worshipped?
(1 point)
Responses
Jews traveled to Jerusalem to participate in festivals.
Jews traveled to Jerusalem to participate in festivals.
Jews adopted Greek and Roman methods of worship.
Jews adopted Greek and Roman methods of worship.
Rabbis became leaders of Jewish rituals.
Rabbis became leaders of Jewish rituals.
Synagogues became more important for worship
Synagogues became more important for worship.
Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.(1 point)
The term Mesopotamia refers to land between
Choose
The term Mesopotamia refers to land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
Why did priests play an important role in Sumerian city-states?
(1 point)
Responses
Priests were at the top of the Sumerian social order.
Priests were at the top of the Sumerian social order.
Sumerians believed only priests could communicate with gods to help the city prosper.
Sumerians believed only priests could communicate with gods to help the city prosper.
Priests and temples controlled much of the surrounding farmlands.
Priests and temples controlled much of the surrounding farmlands.
Sumerians feared priests because they led rituals involving human sacrifice.
Sumerians believed only priests could communicate with gods to help the city prosper.
Question
What characteristics allowed southern Mesopotamia to become the cradle of civilization? Select the two correct answers.
(1 point)
Responses
Nomads developed aggressive herding techniques.
Nomads developed aggressive herding techniques.
Flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers brought good soil.
Flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers brought good soil.
Farmers developed technology for irrigation.
Farmers developed technology for irrigation.
Tribes built deep wells and extensive cooling structures for crops.
Tribes built deep wells and extensive cooling structures for crops.
Engineers developed ways of extracting usable fresh water from the salt water.
Flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers brought good soil.
Farmers developed technology for irrigation.
Question
What relationship does the commandment "Remember the Sabbath day" relate to?
(1 point)
Responses
parent-child
parent-child
king-subject
king-subject
God-believer
God-believer
sister-brother
God-believer
Question
The Assyrian rulers divided their empire into 70 smaller units of government called provinces. Then they assigned a governor to each province who reported directly to the Assyrian ruler. What was the goal of this technique?
(1 point)
Responses
to keep powerful governors from competing for the throne
to keep powerful governors from competing for the throne
to keep control of distant lands
to keep control of distant lands
to encourage trade throughout the empire
to encourage trade throughout the empire
to allow provinces to become separate empires
to keep control of distant lands
Which of the following did the Greeks adopt from the Phoenicians? Select the two correct answers.
(1 point)
Responses
idea of democracy
idea of democracy
writing system
writing system
weights and measures
weights and measures
iron weapons
iron weapons
architecture
writing system
weights and measures
How was Darius able to maintain control of such a large empire? Select the two correct answers.
(1 point)
Responses
He forced provinces to pay tributes they were unable to afford.
He forced provinces to pay tributes they were unable to afford.
He gave local rulers some control over their government.
He gave local rulers some control over their government.
He established a different currency for each of the provinces.
He established a different currency for each of the provinces.
He adopted a monotheistic religion.
He adopted a monotheistic religion.
He funded the construction of roads across his empire.
He funded the construction of roads across his empire.
He gave local rulers some control over their government.
He funded the construction of roads across his empire.
How did the Phoenicians’ willingness to travel far for trade eventually lead to the spread of their civilization?
(4 points)
The Phoenicians' willingness to travel far for trade eventually led to the spread of their civilization in several ways:
1. Expansion of trade networks: The Phoenicians established trade routes and colonies across the Mediterranean Sea and beyond, allowing for the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural practices with other civilizations. This helped to spread Phoenician influence and knowledge to different regions.
2. Cultural diffusion: Through their extensive trade activities, the Phoenicians encountered and interacted with diverse cultures, absorbing and adopting elements from other civilizations while also sharing their own culture. This led to the spread of Phoenician customs, technologies, and artistic styles to other societies.
3. Diffusion of alphabetic script: One significant contribution of the Phoenicians was the development and dissemination of the alphabetic script. This system of writing, which consisted of individual letter symbols representing specific sounds, was more straightforward and adaptable than previous writing systems. The Phoenicians traded with various cultures, allowing the spread of this script, which later became the basis for many alphabets used today.
4. Maritime exploration and colonization: The Phoenicians' maritime skills and navigational expertise facilitated their exploration and establishment of colonies along coastal regions and islands. These colonies served as centers for trade, cultural exchanges, and the diffusion of Phoenician customs, languages, and technologies to local populations.
Overall, the Phoenicians' extensive trade networks, cultural encounters, diffusion of writing systems, and establishment of colonies contributed to the widening influence and spread of their civilization across the ancient Mediterranean world.
How does the Talmud show that studying Jewish sacred writings is an important part of Judaism?
(4 points)
The Talmud exemplifies the significance of studying Jewish sacred writings in Judaism in several ways:
1. Centralization of Jewish law: The Talmud is a comprehensive compilation of Jewish law, ethics, traditions, and teachings. It serves as a guidebook for Jewish life, providing detailed insights into the interpretation and application of the Torah and other sacred texts. By studying the Talmud, individuals gain a deeper understanding of Jewish law and its relevance to daily life, emphasizing the importance of studying sacred writings to observe and uphold religious obligations.
2. Rabbinic authority and scholarship: The Talmud is a product of centuries of rabbinic scholarship and debate. It reflects the wisdom and insights of Jewish scholars who dedicated their lives to studying and interpreting Jewish sacred writings. By studying the Talmud, individuals engage with the teachings of these esteemed scholars, acknowledging their expertise and the value of their interpretations of Jewish texts.
3. Intellectual engagement and lifelong learning: Judaism places a strong emphasis on intellectual engagement and the pursuit of knowledge. The Talmud embodies this notion by presenting complex legal discussions, theological debates, and moral teachings. The study of the Talmud becomes a lifelong endeavor, as individuals continually delve into its teachings to deepen their understanding, broaden their perspectives, and enhance their spiritual growth. It highlights the idea that studying Jewish sacred writings is a significant and ongoing aspect of Jewish religious practice.
4. Preservation of tradition and communal identity: The Talmud serves as a link to Jewish history, heritage, and communal identity. By studying the Talmud, individuals connect with generations of Jewish scholars and form a bond with their ancestors who dedicated themselves to the study of sacred texts. This act of studying and transmitting Jewish teachings helps preserve and perpetuate Jewish traditions, values, and beliefs, fostering a sense of continuity and collective identity within the Jewish community.
Overall, the Talmud exemplifies the importance of studying Jewish sacred writings in Judaism by centralizing Jewish law, acknowledging rabbinic authority, promoting intellectual engagement, and preserving tradition and communal identity. It underscores the foundational role of studying sacred texts in understanding, practicing, and perpetuating the rich and diverse religious heritage of Judaism.
How does Judaism influence modern society?
Judaism continues to have a significant influence on modern society in various ways:
1. Ethical principles: Judaism emphasizes ethical teachings and values, such as justice, compassion, kindness, and respect for human dignity. These principles have influenced modern ethical frameworks and have contributed to the development of moral codes that guide societal norms, laws, and behavior.
2. Social justice and charity: Judaism places a strong emphasis on social justice and the importance of helping those in need. This has influenced the development of charitable organizations and initiatives within Jewish communities and beyond. Jewish traditions of tzedakah (charitable giving) and acts of kindness inspire individuals to work towards creating a more just and equitable society for all.
3. Religious tolerance: Judaism's historical experiences of persecution and diaspora have influenced the development of a commitment to religious tolerance and coexistence. This value has contributed to the promotion of religious freedom and respect for diverse religious beliefs and practices in modern societies.
4. Education and intellectual pursuit: Judaism places a high value on education and the pursuit of knowledge. This has influenced the development of Jewish educational institutions, as well as Jewish contributions to various fields such as science, philosophy, literature, and the arts. Jewish intellectual traditions have had a broader impact on the promotion of education and intellectual pursuits within modern society.
5. Cultural and artistic contributions: Jewish traditions and cultural practices have enriched the arts, literature, music, theater, and film in modern societies. Jewish artists, writers, musicians, and filmmakers have made significant contributions to these fields, impacting the cultural fabric of societies worldwide.
6. Community and family values: Judaism places a strong emphasis on the importance of community, collective responsibility, and family values. Jewish communities often foster a sense of connection, support, and belonging. These values have influenced the development of tight-knit communities, communal organizations, and family-oriented practices in modern societies.
7. Historical memory: Judaism's rich historical experiences, including the Holocaust and the establishment of the State of Israel, have shaped collective memory and awareness of the importance of preserving history, combating discrimination, and advocating for the rights and protections of marginalized groups in modern society.
These influences, among others, continue to shape modern societies and contribute to the ongoing dialogue on ethics, values, social justice, education, culture, and community-building. Judaism's impact is not limited to Jewish communities alone but extends to broader societal realms.