Question

Which of the following is the best definition of Newton's theory of universal gravitation?(1 point) Responses Every object attracts every other object in the universe, with a force that increases as the objects' masses increase and the distance between them decreases. Every object attracts every other object in the universe, with a force that increases as the objects' masses increase and the distance between them decreases. Every object attracts every other object in the universe, with a force that increases as the objects' masses decrease and the distance between them increases. Every object attracts every other object in the universe, with a force that increases as the objects' masses decrease and the distance between them increases. Every object is pulled downward with a force that increases as the height from which an object is dropped increases. Every object is pulled downward with a force that increases as the height from which an object is dropped increases. Every object is attracted to the Earth with a force that increases with increasing mass and distance.

Answer 1

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

Every object attracts every other object in the universe, with a force that increases as the objects' masses increase and the distance between them decreases.

Answer 2

Which statement summarizes Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion?(1 point) Responses Planets closest to the sun move faster in their orbits than those farther away. Planets closest to the sun move faster in their orbits than those farther away. Planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits. Planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits. Planets move fastest while Earth is at perihelion. Planets move fastest while Earth is at perihelion. Planets in the solar system revolve around the sun.

Answer 3

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

Planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits.

Answer 4

How does Kepler’s third law compare the periods and orbital radii of two planets within a solar system?(1 point) Responses The square of the ratio of the periods equals the ratio of the radii. The square of the ratio of the periods equals the ratio of the radii. The square of the ratio of the periods equals the cube of the ratio of the radii. The square of the ratio of the periods equals the cube of the ratio of the radii. The cube of the ratio of the periods equals the square of the ratio of the radii. The cube of the ratio of the periods equals the square of the ratio of the radii. The ratio of the periods equals the square of the ratio of the radii.

Answer 5

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

The square of the ratio of the periods equals the cube of the ratio of the radii.

Answer 6

Where is the sun located on Earth’s elliptical orbit?(1 point) Responses at a focus at a focus at the aphelium at the aphelium at the center of the two foci at the center of the two foci at the perihelium

Answer 7

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

at the focus

Answer 8

Which statements about geocentric model and heliocentric model are true? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses They both are models of the solar system. They both are models of the solar system. They both show the position of Earth relative to the Sun. They both show the position of Earth relative to the Sun. They both show Earth at the center of the solar system. They both show Earth at the center of the solar system. They both show the Sun at the center of the solar system.

Answer 9

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

They both are models of the solar system.

They both show Earth at the center of the solar system.

Answer 10

Which of these can happen to objects in the solar system that do not have the momentum to maintain a stable orbit around the sun? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses They can swing around the sun and be ejected outward into space. They can swing around the sun and be ejected outward into space. They can spiral into the sun. They can spiral into the sun. They can follow erratic orbits that take on different shapes. They can follow erratic orbits that take on different shapes. They can fall into circular orbits.

Answer 11

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

They can swing around the sun and be ejected outward into space.

They can spiral into the sun.

Answer 12

Why was the geocentric model of the solar system accepted by scientists for many years? Select the two correct answers.(1 point) Responses The model described the solar system correctly. The model described the solar system correctly. Observations with telescopes confirmed the predictions made using the model. Observations with telescopes confirmed the predictions made using the model. Suitable technology was not available to disprove the model. Suitable technology was not available to disprove the model. The model accurately predicted the movements of the planets.

Answer 13

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

Observations with telescopes confirmed the predictions made using the model.

Suitable technology was not available to disprove the model.

Answer 14

A satellite orbiting Earth at an orbital radius r has a velocity v. Which represents the velocity if the satellite is moved to an orbital radius of 4r?(1 point) Responses 2v2v2 v 12v12v1 half v 4v4v4 v 14v

Answer 15

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

1/2 v

Answer 16

Which statement describes the area swept out by a line between a planet and the sun at equal times as the planet moves along its orbit?(1 point) Responses It changes shape but always remains constant. It changes shape but always remains constant. It decreases as the planet moves closer to the sun. It decreases as the planet moves closer to the sun. It is proportional to the distance between the sun and the planet. It is proportional to the distance between the sun and the planet. It increases as the planet moves closer to the sun.

Answer 17

[AI-generated answer — Bot GPT 3.5]

It changes shape but always remains constant.