A student drops the same 10 kilogram bowling ball three separate times. She drops the ball from heights of 1 meter, 2 meters, and 3 meters. Which graph correctly shows the ball’s kinetic energy when dropped from each height?(1 point)
The correct graph would show a linear relationship between the height of the drop and the kinetic energy of the ball. As the height increases, the kinetic energy also increases.
Therefore, the graph should show a straight line with a positive slope. Option 1 appears to be the correct graph as it shows a straight line with a positive slope.
Which of the graphs below best shows the relationship between a freely falling object’s gravitational potential energy and the object's height from the ground?(1 point)
Without the graphs provided, I cannot accurately determine which of the graphs below best shows the relationship between a freely falling object's gravitational potential energy and its height from the ground. Please provide the graphs for further assistance.
just explain how the graph would look
The relationship between a freely falling object's gravitational potential energy and its height from the ground can be represented by a graph that shows the change in potential energy as the height changes.
This graph would be a line with a positive slope. As the height from the ground increases, the gravitational potential energy also increases. The line on the graph would start from the origin (representing zero height and zero potential energy) and slope upwards as the height increases.
The formula for gravitational potential energy is given by: PE = m * g * h, where PE is the potential energy, m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height from the ground.
So, as the height increases, the potential energy will also increase linearly on the graph. The line will have a positive slope, reflecting the direct relationship between height and potential energy.
What is one way to increase a ski jumper’s potential energy?(1 point)
Responses
By lowering the height of the ski jump hill
By lowering the height of the ski jump hill
By using shorter skis
By using shorter skis
By raising the height of the ski jump hill
By raising the height of the ski jump hill
By using longer skis
By raising the height of the ski jump hill.
As shown below, an object with a mass of 5 kg is moving at a speed of 10 m/s. Another object with a mass of 10 kg is moving at a speed of 5 m/s.
Which of the objects has higher kinetic energy?
(1 point)
Responses
The 5 kg object has higher kinetic energy.
The 5 kg object has higher kinetic energy.
The objects have equal kinetic energy.
The objects have equal kinetic energy.
The 10 kg object has higher kinetic energy.
The 10 kg object has higher kinetic energy.
Both objects have zero kinetic energy.
To determine which object has higher kinetic energy, you can calculate the kinetic energy for each object using the formula:
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 * mass * velocity^2
For the first object with a mass of 5 kg and a speed of 10 m/s:
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 * 5 kg * (10 m/s)^2 = 250 Joules
For the second object with a mass of 10 kg and a speed of 5 m/s:
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 * 10 kg * (5 m/s)^2 = 125 Joules
Therefore, the first object with a mass of 5 kg and a speed of 10 m/s has higher kinetic energy, 250 Joules, compared to the second object's kinetic energy of 125 Joules.
Hence, the correct answer is: The 5 kg object has higher kinetic energy.
are you sure?
Apologies for the incorrect response. Let's recalculate the kinetic energy for each object correctly:
For the first object with a mass of 5 kg and a speed of 10 m/s:
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 * 5 kg * (10 m/s)^2 = 250 Joules
For the second object with a mass of 10 kg and a speed of 5 m/s:
Kinetic Energy = 1/2 * 10 kg * (5 m/s)^2 = 125 Joules
As we can see, the first object with a mass of 5 kg and a speed of 10 m/s has a higher kinetic energy of 250 Joules compared to the second object's kinetic energy of 125 Joules.
Therefore, the correct answer is: The 5 kg object has higher kinetic energy.
Which statement best describes the relationship between a baseball’s potential and kinetic energy after it is thrown? (assume the ball travels in a straight line)(1 point)
Responses
Potential and kinetic energy both decrease.
Potential and kinetic energy both decrease.
Potential energy increases, and kinetic energy does not change.
Potential energy increases, and kinetic energy does not change.
Potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.
Potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.
Potential energy does not change, and kinetic energy decreases.
The correct answer is: Potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.
When a baseball is thrown, it initially has potential energy due to its position relative to the thrower's hand. As it moves, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion. Hence, as the potential energy decreases, the kinetic energy increases. This is because energy is being transferred from potential energy to kinetic energy.
A student bounces a tennis ball. She drops the ball, and then it bounces back up to her. When does the ball have zero kinetic energy?(1 point)
Responses
As soon as she drops it
As soon as she drops it
Just after it hits the ground
Just after it hits the ground
At the very top of its bounce
At the very top of its bounce
Exactly when it hits the ground
The ball has zero kinetic energy exactly when it hits the ground. At this point, the ball's velocity is momentarily zero, and therefore, its kinetic energy is also zero. When the ball is dropped, it begins to gain speed and kinetic energy as it falls towards the ground. After it hits the ground, it momentarily comes to a stop before bouncing back up, during which its kinetic energy is zero.
As shown below, a student places a 500-gram car at point X on a wooden racetrack in an energy transformation investigation.
What outcome is most likely if the student uses a 700-gram car instead?
(1 point)
Responses
A 700-gram car would have less kinetic energy at point X and less potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack
A 700-gram car would have less kinetic energy at point X and less potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack
A 700-gram car would have more kinetic energy at point X and less potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack
A 700-gram car would have more kinetic energy at point X and less potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack
A 700-gram car would have less potential energy at point X and less kinetic energy at the bottom of the racetrack
A 700-gram car would have less potential energy at point X and less kinetic energy at the bottom of the racetrack
A 700-gram car would have more potential energy at point X and more kinetic energy at the bottom of the racetrack
The correct answer is: A 700-gram car would have more kinetic energy at point X and less potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack.
The kinetic energy of an object depends on its mass and speed. As the mass of the car increases, its kinetic energy also increases, assuming the speed remains the same. Therefore, a 700-gram car would have more kinetic energy at point X compared to the 500-gram car.
On the other hand, potential energy is determined by the height of the object and its mass. As the mass of the car increases, the potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack remains the same since it depends only on the height and not the mass of the object. Hence, the potential energy of the 700-gram car would be the same as the 500-gram car at the bottom of the racetrack.
Therefore, the correct answer is: A 700-gram car would have more kinetic energy at point X and less potential energy at the bottom of the racetrack.
In an investigation of potential and kinetic energy, a student stands at the top of a hill and pushes a ball down the hill as shown.
How does the potential and kinetic energy of the ball change as the ball rolls down the hill?
(1 point)
Responses
The potential and kinetic energy of the ball both decrease.
The potential and kinetic energy of the ball both decrease.
The potential energy of the ball increases, and the kinetic energy of the ball decreases.
The potential energy of the ball increases, and the kinetic energy of the ball decreases.
The potential and kinetic energy of the ball both increase.
The potential and kinetic energy of the ball both increase.
The potential energy of the ball decreases, and the kinetic energy of the ball increases.
The potential energy of the ball decreases, and the kinetic energy of the ball increases.
The correct answer is: The potential energy of the ball decreases, and the kinetic energy of the ball increases.
As the ball rolls down the hill, its potential energy decreases because it is descending to a lower height. Conversely, the kinetic energy of the ball increases because it is gaining speed and motion as it rolls down the hill. The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as the ball moves. Therefore, the potential energy of the ball decreases, and the kinetic energy of the ball increases during this process.
The universe’s total amount of energy does not ever change, but the amount of this energy that is available to do work varies tremendously. What statement best explains the changes in available energy?(1 point)
Responses
100% of energy is always converted with perfect efficiency.
100% of energy is always converted with perfect efficiency.
Energy transfer always occurs through heat.
Energy transfer always occurs through heat.
The only way to create energy is through nuclear reactions.
The only way to create energy is through nuclear reactions.
Energy constantly changes from one form to another.
The correct answer is: Energy constantly changes from one form to another.
The concept of energy conservation states that the total amount of energy in the universe remains constant. However, this energy can change forms from potential energy to kinetic energy, thermal energy, electrical energy, etc. Energy can be transferred from one object to another or converted from one form to another, but the total amount of energy in the universe remains constant. Therefore, the statement that best explains the changes in available energy is that energy constantly changes from one form to another.
When a match is struck, what forms of energy does the burning match give off?(1 point)
Responses
Thermal energy and solar energy
Thermal energy and solar energy
Solar energy and nuclear energy
Solar energy and nuclear energy
Nuclear energy and light energy
Nuclear energy and light energy
Light energy and thermal energy
Light energy and thermal energy
The correct answer is: Light energy and thermal energy.
When a match is struck and it begins to burn, it gives off light energy and thermal energy. The burning of the match results in a chemical reaction, causing the release of heat (thermal energy) and the emission of light energy in the form of a flame. Therefore, the forms of energy given off by a burning match are light energy and thermal energy.
A light is connected to a battery as shown below.
What type of energy transfer occurs?
(1 point)
Responses
Chemical energy to mechanical energy
Chemical energy to mechanical energy
Chemical energy to electrical energy
Chemical energy to electrical energy
Mechanical energy to electrical energy
Mechanical energy to electrical energy
Electrical energy to mechanical energy
The correct answer is: Chemical energy to electrical energy.
In this scenario, the battery is a source of chemical energy. When the light is connected to the battery, the chemical energy stored in the battery is converted into electrical energy that powers the light. Therefore, the energy transfer that occurs is from chemical energy (stored in the battery) to electrical energy (used to power the light).
When an electric fan is plugged into a wall outlet, the fan blades spin as a result. What energy transformation occurred?(1 point)
Responses
Electrical to mechanical
Electrical to mechanical
Electrical energy is created, but mechanical energy is destroyed.
Electrical energy is created, but mechanical energy is destroyed.
Mechanical energy is created, but electrical energy is destroyed.
Mechanical energy is created, but electrical energy is destroyed.
Mechanical to electrical
The correct answer is: Electrical to mechanical.
When an electric fan is plugged into a wall outlet, the electrical energy from the power source is transformed into mechanical energy. This transformation occurs within the fan's motor. The electrical energy powers the motor, which in turn rotates the fan blades, creating the mechanical energy responsible for the movement of the blades. Therefore, the energy transformation that occurs is from electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Heated gases will rise to the top of its container. Why does this occur?(1 point)
Responses
Heated gases will decrease in kinetic energy and decrease in density.
Heated gases will decrease in kinetic energy and decrease in density.
Heated gases will increase in kinetic energy and increase in density.
Heated gases will increase in kinetic energy and increase in density.
Heated gases will decrease in kinetic energy and increase in density.
Heated gases will decrease in kinetic energy and increase in density.
Heated gases will increase in kinetic energy and decrease in density.
The correct answer is: Heated gases will increase in kinetic energy and decrease in density.
When gases are heated, their kinetic energy increases. This increased kinetic energy causes the gas particles to move faster and collide more frequently with each other and the walls of the container. As a result, the gas expands and its density decreases.
In terms of buoyancy, the heated gases become less dense compared to the cooler gases in the surrounding environment. Gases with lower density tend to rise above denser gases, causing the heated gases to rise to the top of the container or any other space they occupy. Hence, the warmer gases, with increased kinetic energy and decreased density, will rise to the top.
The picture below shows two flasks, one with hot water and one with room temperature water, which are connected by a conductive metal bar.
In which direction does the thermal energy between the flasks flow?
(1 point)
Responses
Thermal energy flows from the flask with hot water to the flask with room temperature water.
Thermal energy flows from the flask with hot water to the flask with room temperature water.
Thermal energy flows equally between the two flasks.
Thermal energy flows equally between the two flasks.
Thermal energy flows from the flask with room temperature water to the flask with hot water.
Thermal energy flows from the flask with room temperature water to the flask with hot water.
Thermal energy does not flow between the two flasks.
The correct answer is: Thermal energy flows from the flask with hot water to the flask with room temperature water.
In this scenario, thermal energy will flow from the flask with hot water to the flask with room temperature water. Heat transfer occurs from objects with higher temperature to objects with lower temperature, as per the principles of the second law of thermodynamics. The metal bar connecting the two flasks acts as a conductor, allowing the transfer of thermal energy. Consequently, thermal energy will flow from the flask with hot water to the flask with room temperature water until the temperatures equalize or reach a state of thermal equilibrium.
Which type of energy transfer can take place without matter present?(1 point)
Responses
Convection
Convection
Radiation
Radiation
Insulation
Insulation
Conduction
The correct answer is: Radiation.
Radiation is the type of energy transfer that can occur without the presence of matter. It involves the emission of electromagnetic waves or particles, such as photons, which can travel through a vacuum or empty space. Unlike conduction and convection, which require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) for heat transfer, radiation can occur in the absence of matter. Examples of radiation include the transfer of heat from the Sun to the Earth through space, or the emission of infrared radiation from a hot object. Therefore, radiation is the energy transfer that can occur without matter present.