To compute the hydrogen ion concentration of the buffer solution, you need to understand how the acetic acid and sodium hydroxide react to form the buffer.
Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base. When a weak acid reacts with a strong base, a salt and water are formed. In this case, sodium acetate (CH3COONa) and water are produced.
To calculate the hydrogen ion concentration of the buffer solution, you will need to consider the dissociation of acetic acid and the formation of acetate ions.
The dissociation of acetic acid can be represented by the equation:
CH3COOH ⇌ CH3COO- + H+
The concentration of CH3COOH is 2.0 moles per liter, and since the volume of acetic acid added is 0.10 liters, the number of moles of acetic acid is:
0.10 liters x 2.0 moles/liter = 0.20 moles
Since acetic acid is a weak acid, it does not fully dissociate, so we assume that it is mostly undissociated. Therefore, the concentration of CH3COOH is approximately 0.20 moles per liter.
Now, let's calculate the concentration of acetate ions (CH3COO-) produced from the dissociation of acetic acid. Since one molecule of acetic acid produces one acetate ion, the concentration of acetate ions is also approximately 0.20 moles per liter.
Next, we need to consider the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) that reacts with acetic acid to form sodium acetate. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, so it dissociates completely in water to produce sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-).
The concentration of NaOH is 1.0 moles per liter, and since the volume of NaOH added is 0.10 liters, the number of moles of NaOH is:
0.10 liters x 1.0 moles/liter = 0.10 moles
Since NaOH is a strong base, it fully dissociates, so the concentration of Na+ ions is approximately 0.10 moles per liter.
Now, we can determine the hydrogen ion concentration of the buffer solution by considering the equilibrium between the acetate ions (CH3COO-) and the hydrogen ions (H+). In a buffer solution, the concentration of the acetate ions is equal to the concentration of the undissociated weak acid (CH3COOH).
Therefore, the hydrogen ion concentration of the buffer solution is approximately 0.20 moles per liter.
To summarize, the hydrogen ion concentration of the buffer solution is approximately 0.20 moles per liter, which is equal to the concentration of the undissociated weak acid (acetic acid).