Which process in photosynthesis uses energy from the sun?(1 point)
Responses
releasing oxygen
releasing oxygen
combining carbon dioxide and hydrogen
combining carbon dioxide and hydrogen
splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen
splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen
absorbing carbon dioxide
A scientist fills a glass container with water and places an aquatic plant inside the container, then closes the lid and places the container in direct sunlight. The scientist observes small bubbles on the surfaces of the plant’s leaves on days 1 and 2, but no bubbles on day 3. The scientist concludes that the bubbles were caused by photosynthesis. Which substance should be added to the water in order for the bubbles to reappear?(1 point)
Responses
oxygen
oxygen
glucose
glucose
carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
hydrogen gas
The substance that should be added to the water in order for the bubbles to reappear is carbon dioxide. This gas is required for photosynthesis to occur, and the plant likely used up all the available carbon dioxide during the first two days of the experiment. Adding more carbon dioxide to the water would allow the plant to continue performing photosynthesis and producing oxygen bubbles.
ATP is(1 point)
Responses
stored during cellular respiration
stored during cellular respiration
released when carbon dioxide and water form glucose
released when carbon dioxide and water form glucose
a form of energy that can be used and stored
a form of energy that can be used and stored
a form of energy that cannot be stored
ATP is a form of energy that can be used and stored. It stands for Adenosine Triphosphate and it is the primary molecule that cells use to store and transfer energy. During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down into ATP, and this molecule can then be used for various cellular processes requiring energy. Because it is a high-energy molecule, ATP can be used immediately as a source of energy for cell functions or it can be stored until needed.
ATP stores some of the energy from glucose molecules during cellular respiration. How is the remaining energy from these glucose molecules released?(1 point)
Responses
Excess light
Excess light
Excess heat
Excess heat
Excess carbon dioxide
Excess carbon dioxide
Excess water
The remaining energy from glucose molecules is released as heat during cellular respiration. While some energy is stored as ATP, not all of it can be stored in this form, and some of it is lost as heat during the many reactions involved in cellular respiration. This is why our bodies generate heat as a byproduct of cellular respiration.
One molecule of glucose is recycled into ___ molecules of carbon dioxide during cellular respiration.(1 point)
Responses
1
1
6
6
2
2
12
One molecule of glucose is recycled into 6 molecules of carbon dioxide during cellular respiration. This process occurs in the mitochondria of the cell, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, which is then converted into acetyl-CoA and enters the Krebs cycle. During the Krebs cycle, the carbon atoms are released as carbon dioxide, which is then exhaled out of the body. Overall, the complete breakdown of one molecule of glucose results in the production of 6 carbon dioxide molecules.
Which role does photosynthesis play in the flow of energy? (1 point)
Responses
Photosynthesis provides radiant energy to all the organisms in the entire food chain.
Photosynthesis provides radiant energy to all the organisms in the entire food chain.
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain.
Photosynthesis is how plants break down glucose to use for energy.
Photosynthesis is how plants break down glucose to use for energy.
Photosynthesis allows plants to create energy for themselves to store and use for metabolism.
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy to chemical energy to be used by organisms in the food chain. During photosynthesis, plants and other photosynthetic organisms convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in the bonds of organic molecules like glucose. This chemical energy is then passed through the food chain as organisms consume other organisms for energy. Therefore, photosynthesis plays a key role in the flow of energy through ecosystems by providing the primary source of organic molecules that support all other forms of life.
How does the carbon stored in the bodies of living organisms move into rocks?(1 point)
Responses
Living organisms decay, releasing carbon into the soil, and soil is compacted into rocks.
Living organisms decay, releasing carbon into the soil, and soil is compacted into rocks.
Living organisms decay and become fossils fuels, which eventually become rocks.
Living organisms decay and become fossils fuels, which eventually become rocks.
Carbon dioxide released through respiration dissolves in certain rocks, like limestone.
Carbon dioxide released through respiration dissolves in certain rocks, like limestone.
Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water and is slowly absorbed by rocks in the ocean.
Carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water and is slowly absorbed by rocks in the ocean. When carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water, it can form carbonic acid, a weak acid that can react with and dissolve certain types of rocks that contain calcium or magnesium, such as limestone. Over time, these dissolved minerals can become precipitated out of the ocean water and form new rock formations. This process is known as mineralization, and it is one way that carbon from living organisms can be stored in rocks over long periods of time.
The nitrogen cycle requires _____ to convert nitrogen to nitrites and nitrates.(1 point)
Responses
legumes
legumes
animals
animals
bacteria
bacteria
plants
The nitrogen cycle requires bacteria to convert nitrogen to nitrites and nitrates. Nitrogen is an important element for life, but it exists in a relatively inert form in the atmosphere as dinitrogen gas (N2) that most organisms cannot use. Nitrogen fixation is the process by which some bacteria convert dinitrogen gas into ammonium (NH4+) or nitrate (NO3−), which plants can absorb and use to build proteins and other organic molecules. These nitrifying bacteria are essential for the nitrogen cycle and play a critical role in converting nitrogen into a usable form.
The three steps of the nitrogen cycle in order, starting with nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, are(1 point)
Responses
nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.
nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.
nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and nitrification.
nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and nitrification.
denitrification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation.
denitrification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation.
nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and denitrification.
nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and denitrification.
The three steps of the nitrogen cycle in order, starting with nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, are nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.
1. Nitrogen fixation is the process by which some bacteria convert dinitrogen gas (N2) into ammonium (NH4+) or nitrate (NO3−).
2. Nitrification is the process by which other types of bacteria convert ammonium ions (NH4+) into nitrite (NO2-) and then into nitrate (NO3-), which plants can take up and use to build molecules like amino acids and DNA.
3. Denitrification is the process by which yet other types of bacteria break down nitrates (NO3-) and release nitrogen gas (N2) back into the atmosphere.
These three steps represent the major transformations of nitrogen as it moves through the biosphere, and they are essential for maintaining the proper balance of nitrogen compounds in the environment.
How do energy and matter move in ecosystems?(1 point)
Responses
Energy and matter cycle through the environment.
Energy and matter cycle through the environment.
Matter flows in one direction, and energy cycles through the environment.
Matter flows in one direction, and energy cycles through the environment.
Energy flows in one direction, and matter cycles through the environment.
Energy flows in one direction, and matter cycles through the environment.
Energy and matter flow in one direction.
Energy flows in one direction, and matter cycles through the environment. Energy is a one-way flow, moving from the sun to producers (plants), then to consumers (animals) and finally to decomposers (bacteria and fungi) where it is lost from the ecosystem as heat. However, matter (such as nutrients and minerals) is constantly being recycled through different parts of the environment. As organisms consume other organisms and break down organic matter, nutrients are released and returned to the soil and water, where they can be taken up again by plants and other primary producers. This cycle of matter is essential for maintaining the structure and function of ecosystems.
Which statement is true?(1 point)
Responses
Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a simplified path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a simplified path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a single path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show a single path for the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.
Food chains are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.
Food webs are the best depictions of feeding relationships because they show many ways that plants and animals are connected.