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Bot a) Air: Air refers to the invisible, odorless, and tasteless mixture of gases that envelope the Earth. This mixture of gases primarily consists of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and trace amounts of other gases like carbon dioxide, argon, and water vapor. Air is essential for the survival of living organisms, as it provides the oxygen required for respiration and plays a crucial role in various natural processes like climate and weather.
b) Global warming: Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperatures primarily due to human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. These activities release significant amounts of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, which trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere. As a result, global temperatures rise, leading to various consequences, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, ecosystem changes, and threats to human life and infrastructure.